paper

Theoretical Consistency and Observational Constraints on Entropic Cosmology

arXiv:2610.40205 · doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2026.141085

Abstract

Recent DESI DR2 results suggest that dark energy may evolve with time, which motivates a re-examination of entropic cosmology. In this work, we study three representative entropic models, denoted as Models A, B, and C, corresponding to the driving terms , , and , respectively. We establish a general framework for entropic cosmology and examine these models through early universe consistency, the Trans-Planckian Censorship Conjecture (TCC), and the realization of Quintom-B crossing. We constrain these models using the Pantheon+ sample, DESI DR2 BAO measurements, and Planck 2018 CMB distance priors, and compare their fits to the data. For Model C, we adopt a first-order perturbative treatment in the full data analysis to maintain numerical stability in the presence of the higher-order term. We find that Model A is the simplest among the three models, but it is difficult to make it compatible with both early universe consistency and the TCC condition. Model B, which includes a derivative correction term, shows a small difference in the fit to observational data compared to Model A, and is more consistent with the theoretical constraints. Model C includes more correction terms, but does not provide a better fit to the data. The parameter region favored by observations does not fully overlap with that preferred by theoretical consistency, which suggests that entropic cosmology may require further development to achieve a self-consistent description across different cosmic epochs.

arXiv comment13 pages, 1 figure, 1 table, version matched the publication in Physics Letters B

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