Spin-up and mass-gain in hyperbolic encounters of spinning black holes
arXiv:2511.00307 · doi:10.1103/j7ch-t96d
Abstract
Scattering black holes spin up and gain mass through the re-absorption of orbital angular momentum and energy radiated in gravitational waves during their encounter. In this work, we perform a series of numerical relativity simulations to investigate the spin-up and mass-gain for equal-mass black holes with a wide range of equal initial spins, , aligned (or anti-aligned) to the orbital angular momentum. We also consider a variety of initial momenta. Furthermore, we explore a range of incident angles and identify the threshold between scattering and merging configurations. The spin-up and mass-gain are typically largest in systems with incident angles close to the threshold value, large momenta, and negative (i.e. anti-aligned) initial spins. When evaluated at the threshold angle, we find that the spin-up decreases linearly with initial spin. Intriguingly, systems with initial spin sometimes experience a spin-down, in spite of an increase in the black-hole angular momentum, due to a corresponding gain in the black-hole mass. Across the simulation suite, we find a maximum spin-up of and a maximum increase in the black-hole mass of .
23 pages, 23 figures; matches version published in PRD
References in corpus (47)
- Advanced LIGO
- Spin-induced scalarized black holes
- xPert: Computer algebra for metric perturbation theory
- Spin-induced black hole spontaneous scalarization
- Binary black-hole evolutions of excision and puncture data
- Black Hole Mergers and Unstable Circular Orbits
- Longterm general relativistic simulation of binary neutron stars collapsing to a black hole
- Cross section, final spin and zoom-whirl behavior in high-energy black hole collisions
- GW190521 as a dynamical capture of two nonspinning black holes
- Circularization and Final Spin in Eccentric Binary Black Hole Inspirals
- Zoom-Whirl Orbits in Black Hole Binaries
- High-velocity collision of two black holes
- Dynamical descalarization in binary black hole mergers
- Eccentric binary black-hole mergers: The transition from inspiral to plunge in general relativity
- Detection Rate Estimates of Gravity-waves Emitted During Parabolic Encounters of Stellar Black Holes in Globular Clusters
- Observing complete gravitational wave signals from dynamical capture binaries
- Nonrotating black hole in a post-Newtonian tidal environment
- Foundations of multiple black hole evolutions
- Tidal deformation of a slowly rotating black hole
- Effective-one-body waveforms from dynamical captures in black hole binaries
- Tidal heating and torquing of a Kerr black hole to next-to-leading order in the tidal coupling
- Spin-induced dynamical scalarization, de-scalarization and stealthness in scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity during black hole coalescence
- Bayesian analysis of the spin distribution of LIGO/Virgo black holes
- Gravitational wave bursts from Primordial Black Hole hyperbolic encounters
- Modeling horizon absorption in spinning binary black holes using effective worldline theory
- Black holes in a box: towards the numerical evolution of black holes in AdS
- Close encounters of three black holes
- Black hole induced spins from hyperbolic encounters in dense clusters
- Improved next-to-leading order tidal heating and torquing of a Kerr black hole
- Strong-field scattering of two spinning black holes: Numerics versus Analytics
- Gravitational Wave observatories may be able to detect hyperbolic encounters of Black Holes
- The stochastic gravitational wave background from close hyperbolic encounters of primordial black holes in dense clusters
- Search for black hole hyperbolic encounters with gravitational wave detectors
- Superkicks in ultrarelativistic encounters of spinning black holes
- GW241011 and GW241110: Exploring Binary Formation and Fundamental Physics with Asymmetric, High-Spin Black Hole Coalescence
- Impact of eccentricity and mean anomaly in numerical relativity mergers
- Effects of orbital precession on hyperbolic encounters
- Supermassive black hole formation via collisions in black hole clusters
- Evolution of a black hole cluster in full general relativity
- Detectability of stochastic gravitational wave background from weakly hyperbolic encounters
- Highly accurate simulations of asymmetric black-hole scattering and cross validation of effective-one-body models
- Spin induction from scattering of two spinning black holes in dense clusters
- Extreme Gravitational Interactions in the Problem of Three Black Holes in General Relativity
- The irreducible mass and the horizon area of LIGO's black holes
- Mass octupole and current quadrupole corrections to gravitational wave emission from close hyperbolic encounters
- Exploring the Dynamics of General Relativistic Binary-Single and Binary-Binary Encounters of Black Holes
- Effects of dynamical capture on two equal-mass nonspinning black holes