Secure One-Sided Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution Under Collective Attacks with Enhanced Robustness
arXiv:2507.18744 · doi:10.1007/s11128-026-05073-9
Abstract
We study the security of a quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol under the one-sided device-independent (1sDI) setting, which assumes trust in only one party's measurement device. This approach effectively provides a balance between the experimental viability of device-dependent (DD-QKD) and the minimal trust assumptions of device-independent (DI-QKD). An analytical lower bound on the asymptotic key rate is derived to provide security against collective attacks, in which the eavesdropper's information is limited only by the function of observed violation of a linear quantum steering inequality, specifically the three-setting Cavalcanti-Jones-Wiseman-Reid (CJWR) inequality. We provide a closed-form key rate formula by reducing the security analysis to mixtures of Bell-diagonal states by utilizing symmetries of the steering functional. We show that the protocol tolerates higher quantum bit error rates (QBER) than present DI-QKD protocols by benchmarking its performance under depolarizing noise. Furthermore, we explore the impact of detection inefficiencies and show that, in contrast to DI-QKD, which requires near-perfect detection, secure key generation can be achieved even with lower detection efficiency on the untrusted side. These findings highlight the advantages of 1sDI-QKD as a steering-based alternative for secure quantum communication and provide insights relevant for near-future experimental implementations.
13 pages, 4 figures, close to published version
References in corpus (52)
- Quantum entanglement
- Quantum cryptography: Public key distribution and coin tossing
- The Security of Practical Quantum Key Distribution
- Simple Proof of Security of the BB84 Quantum Key Distribution Protocol
- Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution
- Advances in Quantum Cryptography
- Device-independent security of quantum cryptography against collective attacks
- Steering, Entanglement, Nonlocality, and the EPR Paradox
- Significant-loophole-free test of Bell's theorem with entangled photons
- A strong loophole-free test of local realism
- Hacking commercial quantum cryptography systems by tailored bright illumination
- Distillation of secret key and entanglement from quantum states
- One-sided Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution: Security, feasibility, and the connection with steering
- Security against individual attacks for realistic quantum key distribution
- From Bell's Theorem to Secure Quantum Key Distribution
- The operational meaning of min- and max-entropy
- Tight Finite-Key Analysis for Quantum Cryptography
- Experimental criteria for steering and the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox
- Quantum Steering
- Device-independent quantum key distribution secure against collective attacks
- Entanglement, EPR-correlations, Bell-nonlocality, and Steering
- Fully device independent quantum key distribution
- Quantum steering: a review with focus on semidefinite programming
- Experimental EPR-Steering of Bell-local States
- Security in Quantum Cryptography
- Secure device-independent quantum key distribution with causally independent measurement devices
- EPR Steering Inequalities from Entropic Uncertainty Relations
- Experimental device-independent quantum key distribution between distant users
- Semi-device-independent security of one-way quantum key distribution
- Arbitrarily loss-tolerant Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering allowing a demonstration over 1 km of optical fiber with no detection loophole
- Quantification of Einstein-Podolski-Rosen steering for two-qubit states
- Advances in device-independent quantum key distribution
- Entropy accumulation
- Photonic verification of device-independent quantum key distribution against collective attacks
- Efficient quantum key distribution secure against no-signalling eavesdroppers
- Asymptotic violation of Bell inequalities and distillability
- Fine-grained EPR-steering inequalities
- Testing Local Realism into the Past without Detection and Locality Loopholes
- Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution with Random Key Basis
- All-Versus-Nothing Proof of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Steering
- Quantum Advantage in Cryptography
- Noisy pre-processing facilitating a photonic realisation of device-independent quantum key distribution
- Device-independent quantum key distribution with asymmetric CHSH inequalities
- Quantum contextuality provides communication complexity advantage
- Intercept-resend attacks in the Bennett-Brassard 1984 quantum key distribution protocol with weak coherent pulses
- Device-independent quantum key distribution from generalized CHSH inequalities
- Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution Using Random Quantum States
- Finite de Finetti theorem for conditional probability distributions describing physical theories
- Tighter Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering inequality based on the sum uncertainty relation
- Cost of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering in the context of extremal boxes
- Role of Steering Inequality In Quantum Key Distribution Protocol
- Security of Device-independent Quantum Key Distribution under Sequential Attack