Unconventional and anomalous magnetic field distribution in a bilayer superconductor with geometric constraints

Abstract

We investigate the magnetic field distribution in multi-component superconductors. We examine a layered superconductor and a two-component one-layer superconductor. We evaluate the field distribution in the presence of a half-flux quantum vortex with a kink structure in the phase space of gap functions. We also examine the magnetic field distribution of a knot soliton which is formulated in a two-component superconductor. We investigate the effect of geometric constraints for multi-component superconductors, where the geometric constraint means that the system is compactified in one direction so that the current in this direction becomes vanishingly small. This corresponds to the gauge fixing in this direction. An unconventional magnetic field distribution takes place; here the unconventional means that the magnetic field is screened incompletely which would be called the anomalous Meissner effect. We argue that this anomalous behavior creates a massless gauge field.

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