Fluctuation-induced Nambu-Goldstone bosons in a Higgs-Josephson model

Abstract

We present a new mechanism of fluctuation-induced Nambu-Goldstone bosons in a scalar field theory of Higgs-Josephson systems. We consider a simple scalar field model with $U(1{)}^n$ rotational symmetry. When there is an interaction which violates the rotational symmetry, the Nambu-Goldstone bosons become massive and massless bosons are concealed. We present a model where the massive boson becomes a massless boson as a result of the perturbative fluctuation. In our model the ${\mathbf{Z}}_2$-symmetry associated with the chirality is also broken. The transition occurs as a (weak) first-order transition at the critical point. The ground state at absolute zero will flow into the state with more massless bosons due to fluctuation effects at finite temperature.

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• Unconventional and anomalous magnetic field distribution in a bilayer superconductor with geometric constraints