FIP Bias Evolution in an Emerging Active Region as observed in SPICE Synoptic Observations

Abstract

We investigate the time evolution of relative elemental abundances in the context of the first ionization potential effect focusing on an active region. Our aim is to characterize this evolution in different types of solar active region structures as well as in different atmospheric layers. We wish to assert how the measured changes relate to different magnetic topologies by computing abundance enhancement in different conditions using the ponderomotive force model. Leveraging spectroscopic observations from the Spectral Imaging of the Coronal Environment instrument on board Solar Orbiter, we use extreme ultraviolet lines from ions formed across a broad temperature range--from the upper chromosphere to the low corona--and we perform relative abundance ratios following differential emission measure analysis. This methodology yields relative abundance maps from low, intermediate, and high first ionization potential elements. We obtain the temporal evolution of a number of abundance ratios for different structures on the Sun. We compare these results with the outcomes of the ponderomotive force model. We find good correlation between the model and our results, suggesting an Alfvén-wave driven fractionation of the plasma. Fan loops, loop footpoints and active region boundaries exhibit coronal abundances, while the active region core shows more photospheric-like composition. A slow and steady increase in the magnesium to neon relative first ionization potential bias values is observed, starting around 1.5 and increasing by about 50\% after two days. The sulfur to oxygen evolution coupled with the model brings evidence of resonant waves fractionating the plasma in transition region structures.

References in corpus (22)

• The Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS)
• The Solar Orbiter mission -- Science overview
• The FIP and Inverse FIP Effects in Solar and Stellar Coronae
• The Polarimetric and Helioseismic Imager on Solar Orbiter
• Element Abundances: A New Diagnostic for the Solar Wind
• Plasma composition in a sigmoidal anemone active region
• The First Ionization Potential Effect from the Ponderomotive Force: On the Polarization and Coronal Origin of the Alfven Waves
• FIP Bias Evolution in a Decaying Active Region
• On the Accuracy of the Differential Emission Measure Diagnostics of Solar Plasmas. Application to AIA/SDO. Part I: Isothermal plasmas
• The "FIP Effect" and the Origins of Solar Energetic Particles and of the Solar Wind
• Investigating the reliability of coronal emission measure distribution diagnostics using 3D radiative MHD simulations
• The FIP and Inverse FIP Effects in Solar Flares
• A Fast, Simple, Robust Algorithm for Coronal Temperature Reconstruction
• Coronal Elemental Abundances in Solar Emerging Flux Regions
• Ponderomotive Acceleration in Coronal Loops
• Transition Region Abundance Measurements During Impulsive Heating Events
• The Evolution of Plasma Composition During a Solar Flare
• Plasma composition measurements in an active region from Solar Orbiter/SPICE and Hinode/EIS
• Coronal Abundances in an Active Region: Evolution and Underlying Chromospheric and Transition Region Properties
• Magnetic Field Geometry and Composition Variation in Slow Solar Winds: The Case of Sulfur
• SPICE Connection Mosaics to link the Sun's surface and the heliosphere
• An elemental abundance diagnostic for coordinated Solar Orbiter/SPICE and Hinode/EIS observations