MAGIS (Measuring Abundances of red super Giants with Infrared Spectroscopy) project I. Establishment of an abundance analysis procedure for red supergiants and its evaluation with nearby stars

Abstract

[Abbreviated] Context. Given their high luminosities (L>~10^4Lsun), red supergiants (RSGs) are good tracers of the chemical abundances of the young stellar population in the Milky Way and nearby galaxies. However, previous abundance analyses tailored to RSGs suffer some systematic uncertainties originating in, most notably, the synthesized molecular spectral lines for RSGs. Aims. We establish a new abundance analysis procedure for RSGs that circumvents difficulties faced in previous works, and test the procedure with ten nearby RSGs observed with the near-infrared high-resolution spectrograph WINERED (0.97--1.32 micron, R=28,000). Results. We determined the [X/Fe] of ten elements (Na I, Mg I, Al I, Si I, K I, Ca I, Ti I, Cr I, Ni I, and Y II). We estimated the relative precision in the derived abundances to be 0.04--0.12 dex for elements with more than two lines analyzed (e.g., Fe I and Mg I) and up to 0.18 dex for the other elements (e.g., Y II). We compared the resultant abundances of RSGs with the well-established abundances of another type of young star, namely the Cepheids, in order to evaluate the potential systematic bias in our abundance measurements, assuming that the young stars (i.e., both RSGs and Cepheids) in the solar neighborhood have common chemical abundances. We find that the determined RSG abundances are highly consistent with those of Cepheids within <~0.1 dex for some elements (notably [Fe/H] and [Mg/Fe]), which means the bias in the abundance determination for these elements is likely to be small. In contrast, the consistency is worse for some other elements (e.g., [Si/Fe] and [Y/Fe]). Nevertheless, the dispersion of the chemical abundances among our target RSGs is comparable with the individual statistical errors on the abundances. Hence, the procedure is likely to be useful to evaluate the relative difference in chemical abundances among RSGs.

29 pages, 13+1 figures. Published in A&A. Abstract abbreviated

References in corpus (48)

• The Gaia mission
• Gaia Data Release 3: Summary of the content and survey properties
• A grid of MARCS model atmospheres for late-type stars I. Methods and general properties
• Gaia Early Data Release 3: Parallax bias versus magnitude, colour, and position
• Trigonometric Parallaxes Of High-Mass Star Forming Regions: Our View Of The Milky Way
• Streams, substructures and the early history of the Milky Way
• Gaia Data Release 3: Analysis of RVS spectra using the General Stellar Parametriser from spectroscopy
• ExoMol line lists XVIII. The high temperature spectrum of VO
• A non-LTE study of neutral and singly-ionized calcium in late-type stars
• The Solar Twin Planet Search. I. Fundamental parameters of the stellar sample
• Line lists for the A2PI-X2Sigma+ (red) and {B2Sigma+-X2Sigma} (violet) Systems of CN, 13C14N, and 12C15N, and Application to Astronomical Spectra
• Discovery of an Extraordinarily Massive Cluster of Red Supergiants
• Chemical Abundances of Luminous Cool Stars in the Galactic Center from High-Resolution Infrared Spectroscopy
• Atmospheric dynamics and the mass loss process in red supergiant stars
• Exploring the alpha-enhancement of metal-poor planet-hosting stars. The Kepler and HARPS samples
• The cool supergiant population of the massive young star cluster RSGC1
• The Gaia-ESO survey: mapping the shape and evolution of the radial abundance gradients with open clusters
• Red Supergiant Stars as Cosmic Abundance Probes: KMOS Observations in NGC 6822
• Geometry of giant star model atmospheres: A consistency test
• Red Supergiant Stars as Cosmic Abundance Probes. III. NLTE effects in J-band Magnesium lines
• Red Supergiants as Cosmic Abundance Probes: The Magellanic Clouds
• Red Supergiants as Cosmic Abundance Probes: The Sculptor Galaxy NGC 300
• SteParSyn: A Bayesian code to infer stellar atmospheric parameters using spectral synthesis
• Vigorous atmospheric motion in the red supergiant star Antares
• Atmosphere of Betelgeuse before and during the Great Dimming event revealed by tomography
• Radial abundance gradients in the outer Galactic disk as traced by main-sequence OB stars
• The Red Supergiant Content of M31 and M33
• Elemental Abundances of M Dwarfs Based on High-Resolution Near-Infrared Spectra: Verification by Binary Systems
• About Metallicity Variations in the Local Galactic Interstellar Medium
• The Betelgeuse Project: Constraints from Rotation
• A catalog of known Galactic K-M stars of class I, candidate RSGs, in Gaia DR2
• The Sample of Red Supergiants in Twelve Low-Mass Galaxies of the Local Group
• Quantitative Spectroscopic J-band Study of Red Supergiants in Perseus OB-1
• Stellar Population Astrophysics (SPA) with TNG. The old open clusters Collinder 350, Gulliver 51, NGC 7044, and Ruprecht 171
• Is Betelgeuse Really Rotating? Synthetic ALMA Observations of Large-scale Convection in 3D Simulations of Red Supergiants
• Effective temperatures of red supergiants estimated from line-depth ratios of iron lines in the YJ bands, 0.97--1.32 micron
• Three open clusters containing Cepheids: NGC 6649, NGC 6664 and Berkeley 55
• FeI lines in 0.91-1.33 $\mu$m spectra of red giants for measuring the microturbulence and metallicities
• M giants with IGRINS I. Stellar parameters and $\alpha$-abundance trends of the solar neighborhood population
• Cepheid Metallicity in the Leavitt Law (C- MetaLL) survey: VI: Radial abundance gradients of 29 chemical species in the Milky Way Disk
• Identification of Absorption Lines of Heavy Metals in the Wavelength Range 0.97--1.32 Micron
• Stellar population astrophysics (SPA) with the TNG -- The Arcturus Lab
• Absorption Lines in the 0.91-1.33 $\mu$m Spectra of Red Giants for Measuring Abundances of Mg, Si, Ca, Ti, Cr, and Ni
• Evidence of Deep Mixing in IRS 7, a Cool Massive Supergiant Member of the Galactic Nuclear Star Cluster
• Cluster membership for the long period Cepheid calibrator SV Vul
• Red supergiant stars in IC 1613 and metallicity-dependent mixing length in the evolutionary model
• A massive open cluster hiding in full sight
• Stellar population astrophysics (SPA) with the TNG -- The chemical content of the red supergiant population in the Perseus complex

Cited by in corpus (2)

• Solar twins in Gaia DR3 GSP-Spec I. Building a large catalog of Solar twins with ages
• Supergiant GCIRS 22 in the Milky Way Nuclear Star Cluster: Revised alpha abundances