Weak-lensing Mass Reconstruction of Galaxy Clusters with a Convolutional Neural Network -- II: Application to Next-Generation Wide-Field Surveys

Abstract

Traditional weak-lensing mass reconstruction techniques suffer from various artifacts, including noise amplification and the mass-sheet degeneracy. In Hong et al. (2021), we demonstrated that many of these pitfalls of traditional mass reconstruction can be mitigated using a deep learning approach based on a convolutional neural network (CNN). In this paper, we present our improvements and report on the detailed performance of our CNN algorithm applied to next-generation wide-field observations. Assuming the field of view ($3°.5\times 3°.5$) and depth (27 mag at $5\sigma$) of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory, we generated training datasets of mock shear catalogs with a source density of 33 arcmin${}^{-2}$ from cosmological simulation ray-tracing data. We find that the current CNN method provides high-fidelity reconstructions consistent with the true convergence field, restoring both small and large-scale structures. In addition, the cluster detection utilizing our CNN reconstruction achieves $\sim 75$% completeness down to $\sim 10^{14}{M}_{\odot }$. We anticipate that this CNN-based mass reconstruction will be a powerful tool in the Rubin era, enabling fast and robust wide-field mass reconstructions on a routine basis.

11 pages, 8 figures. Published in ApJ

References in corpus (41)

• SciPy 1.0--Fundamental Algorithms for Scientific Computing in Python
• Array Programming with NumPy
• Astropy: A Community Python Package for Astronomy
• The Astropy Project: Building an inclusive, open-science project and status of the v2.0 core package
• The Astropy Project: Sustaining and Growing a Community-oriented Open-source Project and the Latest Major Release (v5.0) of the Core Package
• LSST: from Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products
• Weak Gravitational Lensing
• Chandra Cluster Cosmology Project III: Cosmological Parameter Constraints
• Galaxy Clusters Discovered via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect in the 2500-square-degree SPT-SZ survey
• The persistent cosmic web and its filamentary structure I: Theory and implementation
• Precision Determination of the Mass Function of Dark Matter Halos
• The Skewness of the Aperture Mass Statistic
• The persistent cosmic web and its filamentary structure II: Illustrations
• The universality of the virial halo mass function and models for non-universality of other halo definitions
• Hubble Space Telescope weak lensing study of the z=0.83 cluster MS 1054-03
• Masses of galaxy clusters from gravitational lensing
• Cluster Mass Profiles from a Bayesian Analysis of Weak Lensing Distortion and Magnification Measurements: Applications to Subaru Data
• The MeerKAT Galaxy Cluster Legacy Survey I. Survey Overview and Highlights
• MassiveNuS: Cosmological Massive Neutrino Simulations
• Maximum-Likelihood Cluster Recontruction
• Subaru Weak-Lensing Survey of Dark Matter Subhalos in the Coma Cluster : Subhalo Mass Function and Statistical Properties
• A maximum-entropy method for reconstructing the projected mass distribution of gravitational lenses
• A weak lensing study of the Coma cluster
• Using Weak Lensing Dilution to Improve Measurements of the Luminous and Dark Matter in A1689
• Unbiased Cluster Lens Reconstruction
• Mass-sheet degeneracy: Fundamental limit on the cluster mass reconstruction from statistical (weak) lensing
• Deep Generative Models for Galaxy Image Simulations
• MC${}^2$: Subaru and Hubble Space Telescope Weak-Lensing Analysis of the Double Radio Relic Galaxy Cluster PLCK G287.0+32.9
• Denoising Weak Lensing Mass Maps with Deep Learning
• Head-to-Toe Measurement of El Gordo: Improved Analysis of the Galaxy Cluster ACT-CL J0102-4915 with New Wide-field Hubble Space Telescope Imaging Data
• A simultaneous maximum likelihood approach for galaxy-galaxy lensing and cluster lens reconstruction
• Weak-Lensing Detection at z~1.3: Measurement of the Two Lynx Clusters with Advanced Camera for Surveys
• Deep Learning-Based Super-Resolution and De-Noising for XMM-Newton Images
• The extended ROSAT-ESO Flux-Limited X-ray Galaxy Cluster Survey (REFLEX II) VII The Mass Function of Galaxy Clusters
• MARS: A New Maximum Entropy-Regularized Strong Lensing Mass Reconstruction Method
• Weak-Lensing Detection of Intracluster Filaments in the Coma Cluster
• Weak lensing detection of intra-cluster filaments with ground based data
• A Multi-Resolution Weak Lensing Mass Reconstruction Method
• An Optical Observational Cluster Mass Function at $z\sim 1$ with the ORELSE Survey
• Weak-lensing Mass Reconstruction of Galaxy Clusters with Convolutional Neural Network
• The XMM Cluster Survey: The Halo Occupation Number of BOSS galaxies in X-ray clusters

Cited by in corpus (1)

• An ultra-high-resolution map of (dark) matter