The FLAMINGO project: Baryon effects on the matter power spectrum

Abstract

The effect of baryon physics associated with galaxy formation onto the large-scale matter distribution of the Universe is a key uncertainty in the theoretical modelling required for the interpretation of Stage IV surveys. We use the FLAMINGO simulations to study the baryon response due to galaxy formation of the total matter power spectrum. We find that it is only well converged for simulation volumes in excess of $200^3$ Mpc${}^3$. We report results for simulations of varying feedback intensity, which either match the X-ray inferred gas fractions in clusters and the $z=0$ stellar mass function, or shifted versions of the data, as well as for different implementations of AGN feedback. We package our results in the form of a Gaussian process emulator which can rapidly reproduce all the simulations' predictions to better than one per cent up to the comoving wavenumber $k=10h$ Mpc${}^{-1}$ and up to $z=3$ for all the feedback models present in the FLAMINGO suite. We find that the response becomes stronger, the range of scales affected increases, and the position of the minimum of the response moves to smaller scales as the redshift decreases. We find that lower gas fractions in groups and clusters lead to a stronger response and that the use of collimated jets instead of thermally driven winds for AGN feedback enhances the effect. Lowering the stellar masses at fixed cluster gas fractions also increases the magnitude of the response. We find only a small (1% at $k<10h$ Mpc${}^{-1}$) dependence of our results on the background cosmology, but a wider range of cosmology variations will be needed to confirm this result. The response we obtain for our strongest feedback models is compatible with some of the recent analyses combining weak lensing with external data. Such a response is, however, in strong tension with the X-ray inferred gas fractions in clusters used to calibrate the FLAMINGO model.

arXiv comment15 pages, 13 figures, published in MNRAS, emulator released publicly on the FLAMINGO project web-page

References in corpus (72)

• Efficient Computation of CMB anisotropies in closed FRW models
• The EAGLE project: Simulating the evolution and assembly of galaxies and their environments
• Introducing the Illustris Project: Simulating the coevolution of dark and visible matter in the Universe
• Stable clustering, the halo model and nonlinear cosmological power spectra
• First results from the IllustrisTNG simulations: matter and galaxy clustering
• Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Cosmological Constraints from Galaxy Clustering and Weak Lensing
• Revising the Halofit Model for the Nonlinear Matter Power Spectrum
• Analytic model for galaxy and dark matter clustering
• Simba: Cosmological Simulations with Black Hole Growth and Feedback
• Cosmological simulations of the growth of supermassive black holes and feedback from active galactic nuclei: method and tests
• Black holes in galaxy mergers: The formation of red elliptical galaxies
• KiDS-1000 Cosmology: Cosmic shear constraints and comparison between two point statistics
• KiDS-1000 Cosmology: Multi-probe weak gravitational lensing and spectroscopic galaxy clustering constraints
• Chemical enrichment in cosmological, smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations
• On the relation between the Schmidt and Kennicutt-Schmidt star formation laws and its implications for numerical simulations
• Evolution of structure in cold dark matter universes
• The Cosmic Linear Anisotropy Solving System (CLASS) I: Overview
• The BAHAMAS project: Calibrated hydrodynamical simulations for large-scale structure cosmology
• Simulating galactic outflows with kinetic supernova feedback
• The effects of galaxy formation on the matter power spectrum: A challenge for precision cosmology
• Towards a realistic population of simulated galaxy groups and clusters
• HMcode-2020: Improved modelling of non-linear cosmological power spectra with baryonic feedback
• Quantifying the effect of baryon physics on weak lensing tomography
• The CAMELS project: Cosmology and Astrophysics with MachinE Learning Simulations
• The FLAMINGO project: cosmological hydrodynamical simulations for large-scale structure and galaxy cluster surveys
• Accurate halo-model matter power spectra with dark energy, massive neutrinos and modified gravitational forces
• The accretion history of dark matter halos III: A physical model for the concentration-mass relation
• Correcting for the alias effect when measuring the power spectrum using FFT
• Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): Data Release 4 and the z < 0.1 total and z < 0.08 morphological galaxy stellar mass functions
• A new method to quantify the effects of baryons on the matter power spectrum
• The BACCO Simulation Project: Exploiting the full power of large-scale structure for cosmology
• Cosmological $N$-body simulations with suppressed variance
• Euclid preparation: II. The EuclidEmulator -- A tool to compute the cosmology dependence of the nonlinear matter power spectrum
• Quantifying baryon effects on the matter power spectrum and the weak lensing shear correlation
• The impact of baryons on the matter power spectrum from the Horizon-AGN cosmological hydrodynamical simulation
• A non-linear solution to the $S_8$ tension?
• The BAHAMAS project: the CMB--large-scale structure tension and the roles of massive neutrinos and galaxy formation
• Modelling baryonic feedback for survey cosmology
• Exploring the effects of galaxy formation on matter clustering through a library of simulation power spectra
• The MillenniumTNG Project: The hydrodynamical full physics simulation and a first look at its galaxy clusters
• The FABLE simulations: A feedback model for galaxies, groups and clusters
• The Aemulus Project I: Numerical Simulations for Precision Cosmology
• Effect of baryonic feedback on two- and three-point shear statistics: prospects for detection and improved modelling
• The Mira-Titan Universe: Precision Predictions for Dark Energy Surveys
• The Mira-Titan Universe II: Matter Power Spectrum Emulation
• Radiative cooling rates, ion fractions, molecule abundances and line emissivities including self-shielding and both local and metagalactic radiation fields
• SWIFT: A modern highly-parallel gravity and smoothed particle hydrodynamics solver for astrophysical and cosmological applications
• The thermal Sunyaev Zel'dovich effect power spectrum in light of Planck
• Consistent lensing and clustering in a low-$S_8$ Universe with BOSS, DES Year 3, HSC Year 1 and KiDS-1000
• Emulation of baryonic effects on the matter power spectrum and constraints from galaxy cluster data
• A hydrodynamical halo model for weak-lensing cross correlations
• Joint constraints on cosmology and the impact of baryon feedback: combining KiDS-1000 lensing with the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect from Planck and ACT
• Sphenix: Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics for the next generation of galaxy formation simulations
• The impact of the observed baryon distribution in haloes on the total matter power spectrum
• The separate and combined effects of baryon physics and neutrino free-streaming on large-scale structure
• DES Y3 cosmic shear down to small scales: constraints on cosmology and baryons
• The halo model for cosmology: a pedagogical review
• An optimal nonlinear method for simulating relic neutrinos
• Higher-order initial conditions for mixed baryon-CDM simulations
• The importance of black hole repositioning for galaxy formation simulations
• The contributions of matter inside and outside of haloes to the matter power spectrum
• Spin-driven jet feedback in idealised simulations of galaxy groups and clusters
• SP(k) -- A hydrodynamical simulation-based model for the impact of baryon physics on the non-linear matter power spectrum
• Constraining baryonic feedback and cosmology with weak-lensing, X-ray, and kinematic Sunyaev-Zeldovich observations
• Cosmic shear with small scales: DES-Y3, KiDS-1000 and HSC-DR1
• Performance Characteristics of TreePM codes
• Higher-order initial conditions with massive neutrinos
• Cosmological perturbations for two cold fluids in $\Lambda$CDM
• The Aemulus Project VI: Emulation of beyond-standard galaxy clustering statistics to improve cosmological constraints
• Evidence for large baryonic feedback at low and intermediate redshifts from kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich observations with ACT and DESI photometric galaxies
• How do baryonic effects on the cosmic matter distribution vary with scale and local density environment?
• FLAMINGO: combining kinetic SZ effect and galaxy-galaxy lensing measurements to gauge the impact of feedback on large-scale structure

Cited by in corpus (13)

• Learning the Universe: Cosmological and Astrophysical Parameter Inference with Galaxy Luminosity Functions and Colours
• Map-level baryonification: unified treatment of weak lensing two-point and higher-order statistics
• syren-baryon: Analytic emulators for the impact of baryons on the matter power spectrum
• Matter power spectrum reconstruction with KiDS-Legacy: Improved internal $\Lambda$CDM consistency and preference for strong baryonic feedback
• Deciphering Baryonic Feedback from ACT tSZ Galaxy Clusters
• KiDS-Legacy: Constraining dark energy, neutrino mass, and curvature
• The FLAMINGO simulations data release
• The SRG/eROSITA All-Sky Survey. Detection of shock-heated gas beyond the halo boundary into the accretion region
• One latent to fit them all: a unified representation of baryonic feedback on matter distribution
• Web-Halo Model (WHM): Accurate non-linear matter power spectrum predictions without free parameters
• Bound or blown: the fate of hot gas in galaxy groups
• Cavendish experiment with fast radio bursts on cosmological scales
• Ray-traced weak lensing convergence in screened modified gravity theories