Role of clustered nuclear geometry in particle production through p-C and p-O collisions at the Large Hadron Collider

Abstract

Long-range multi-particle correlations in heavy-ion collisions have shown conclusive evidence of the hydrodynamic behavior of strongly interacting matter and are associated with the final-state azimuthal momentum anisotropy. In small collision systems, azimuthal anisotropy can be influenced by the hadronization mechanism and residual jet-like correlations. Thus, one of the motives of the planned p--O and O--O collisions at the LHC and RHIC is to understand the origin of small system collectivity. As the anisotropic flow coefficients ($v_n$) are sensitive to the initial-state effects including nuclear shape, deformation, and charge density profiles, studies involving ${}^{12}$C and ${}^{16}$O nuclei are transpiring due to the presence of exotic $\alpha$ (${}^4$He) clusters in such nuclei. In this study, for the first time, we investigate the effects of nuclear $\alpha$--clusters on the azimuthal anisotropy of the final-state hadrons in p--C and p--O collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=9.9$~TeV within a multi-phase transport model framework. We report the transverse momentum ($p_{\mathrm{T}}$) and pseudorapidity ($\eta$) spectra, participant eccentricity (${\epsilon }_2$) and triangularity (${\epsilon }_3$), and estimate the elliptic flow ($v_2$) and triangular flow ($v_3$) of the final-state hadrons using the two-particle cumulant method. These results are compared with a model-independent Sum of Gaussians (SOG) type nuclear density profile for ${}^{12}$C and ${}^{16}$O nuclei.

arXiv comment15 pages and 10 captioned figures. Same as the published version

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