Phase diagram and topology of the XXZ chain with alternating bonds and staggered magnetic field

Abstract

The XXZ spin-half chain has Heisenberg exchange interactions $J_z$ ($J_{\perp }$) in the $z$ ($x,y$) direction. The model has a transition from the spin-fluid phase for $-J_{\perp }<J_z<J_{\perp }$ to the Néel phase for $J_z>J_{\perp }>0$. When bond alternation $\delta$ is included, the Néel phase transitions to the dimer phase for a finite value of $\delta$. We determine the phase diagram using simple topological indicators related to the polarization of both spins. When a staggered magnetic field $B$ is included, a contour plot of these indicators as a function of $\delta$ and $B$ determine the amount of topological quantized spin pumping around closed circuits in the $(\delta ,B)$ plane.

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