Circuit-based leakage-to-erasure conversion in a neutral atom quantum processor

Abstract

Leakage out of the computational subspace is a major limitation of current state-of-the-art neutral-atom quantum computers and a significant challenge for scalable systems. In a quantum processor with cesium atoms, we demonstrate proof-of-principle circuit-based conversion of leakage errors to erasure errors via Leakage Detection Units (LDUs), which non-destructively map information about the presence or absence of the qubit onto the state of an ancilla. With a standard LDU circuit, we successfully convert leakage errors to erasure errors for all major leakage pathways while preserving the quantum information in the case that no leakage occurred. We benchmark the performance of the LDU using a three-outcome low-loss state detection method and also explore the advantages of three-outcome measurements for LDUs. We find that the LDU detects atom-loss errors with ~93.4% accuracy, limited by technical imperfections of our apparatus. We further compile and execute a SWAP LDU, wherein the roles of the original data atom and ancilla atom are exchanged under the action of the LDU, providing 'free refilling' of atoms in the case of leakage errors. This circuit-based leakage-to-erasure error conversion is a critical component of a neutral-atom quantum processor where the quantum information may significantly outlive the lifetime of any individual atom in the quantum register.

14 pages, 8 figures, published in PRX Quantum

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Cited by in corpus (11)

• A tweezer array with 6100 highly coherent atomic qubits
• A universal neutral-atom quantum computer with individual optical addressing and non-destructive readout
• Quantum Error Correction resilient against Atom Loss
• A high optical access cryogenic system for Rydberg atom arrays with a 3000-second trap lifetime
• Quantum low-density parity-check codes for erasure-biased atomic quantum processors
• Universal gates for a metastable qubit in strontium-88
• Logical qubits with erasure conversion using metastable neutral atoms
• Low-depth quantum error correction via three-qubit gates in Rydberg atom arrays
• Measurement-free quantum error correction optimized for biased noise
• Taming Rydberg Decay with Measurement-based Quantum Computation
• Locating Rydberg Decay Error in SWAP-Leakage Reduction Circuit Protocol