Candidate quantum spin liquids on the maple-leaf lattice

Abstract

Motivated by recent numerical studies reporting putative quantum paramagnetic behavior in spin-$1/2$ Heisenberg models on the maple-leaf lattice, we classify Abrikosov fermion mean-field Ansätze of fully symmetric $U(1)$ and ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ quantum spin liquids within the framework of projective symmetry groups. We obtain a total of $17$ $U(1)$ and $12$ ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ algebraic PSGs, and, upon restricting their realization via mean-field Ansätze with nearest-neighbor amplitudes (relevant to the studied models), only 12 $U(1)$ and 8 ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ distinct phases are obtained. We present both singlet and triplet fields for all Ansätze up to third nearest-neighbor bonds and discuss their spinon dispersions as well as their dynamical spin structure factors. We further assess the effects of Gutzwiller projection on the equal-time spin structure factors, and identify a $U(1)$ Fermi surface spin liquid whose structure factor most closely reproduces the one obtained from pseudo-fermion functional renormalization group calculations.

28 pages, 21 figures, 7 tables