Duality transformations and the entanglement entropy of gauge theories

Abstract

The study of entanglement in gauge theories is expected to provide insights into many fundamental phenomena, including confinement. However, calculations of quantities related to entanglement in gauge theories are limited by ambiguities that stem from the non-factorizability of the Hilbert space. In this work we study lattice gauge theories that admit a dual description in terms of spin models, for which the replica trick and Rényi entropies are well defined. In the first part of this work, we explicitly perform the duality transformation in a replica geometry, deriving the structure of a replica space for a gauge theory. Then, in the second part, we calculate, by means of Monte Carlo simulations, the entropic c-function of the ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ gauge theory in three spacetime dimensions, exploiting its dual description in terms of the three-dimensional Ising model.

23+18 pages; v2: added references, matches pubished version

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Cited by in corpus (8)

• Non-equilibrium quantum Monte Carlo algorithm for stabilizer Renyi entropy in spin systems
• Quantum thermodynamics of nonequilibrium processes in lattice gauge theories
• Numerical determination of the width and shape of the effective string using Stochastic Normalizing Flows
• Deep learning lattice gauge theories
• Scaling of Stochastic Normalizing Flows in $\mathrm{SU}(3)$ lattice gauge theory
• Flow-Based Sampling for Entanglement Entropy and the Machine Learning of Defects
• Scaling flow-based approaches for topology sampling in $\mathrm{SU}(3)$ gauge theory
• Casimir effect in critical $\mathrm{O}(N)$ models from non-equilibrium Monte Carlo simulations