Looking For Timing Variations in the Transits of 16 Exoplanets

Abstract

We update the ephemerides of 16 transiting exoplanets using our ground-based observations, new TESS data, and previously published observations including those of amateur astronomers. All these light curves were modeled by making use of a set of quantitative criteria with the EXOFAST code to obtain mid-transit times. We searched for statistically significant secular and/or periodic trends in the mid-transit times. We found that the timing data are well modeled by a linear ephemeris for all systems except for XO-2 b, for which we detect an orbital decay with the rate of -12.95 $\pm$ 1.85 ms/yr that can be confirmed with future observations. We also detect a hint of potential periodic variations in the TTV data of HAT-P-13 b which also requires confirmation with further precise observations.

23 pages, 17 figures

References in corpus (47)

• The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite
• The K2 Mission: Characterization and Early results
• Seven temperate terrestrial planets around the nearby ultracool dwarf star TRAPPIST-1
• EXOFAST: A fast exoplanetary fitting suite in IDL
• The effect of red noise on planetary transit detection
• The Transit Light Curve Project. IX. Evidence for a Smaller Radius of the Exoplanet XO-3b
• HAT-P-1b: A Large-Radius, Low-Density Exoplanet Transiting one Member of a Stellar Binary
• A solar C/O and sub-solar metallicity in a hot Jupiter atmosphere
• XO-2b: Transiting Hot Jupiter in a Metal-rich Common Proper Motion Binary
• Long Term Evolution of Close Planets Including the Effects of Secular Interactions
• ACCESS I: An Optical Transmission Spectrum of GJ 1214b Reveals a Heterogeneous Stellar Photosphere
• Friends of Hot Jupiters II: No Correspondence Between Hot-Jupiter Spin-Orbit Misalignment and the Incidence of Directly Imaged Stellar Companions
• Friends of Hot Jupiters. IV. Stellar companions beyond 50 AU might facilitate giant planet formation, but most are unlikely to cause Kozai-Lidov migration
• Tidal dissipation in evolving low-mass and solar-type stars with predictions for planetary orbital decay
• Revising the ages of planet-hosting stars
• High accuracy transit photometry of the planet OGLE-TR-113b with a new deconvolution-based method
• The Transit Light Curve Project. VII. The Not-So-Bloated Exoplanet HAT-P-1b
• Measurement of the Spin-Orbit Angle of Exoplanet HAT-P-1b
• The Transiting System GJ1214: High-Precision Defocused Transit Observations and a Search for Evidence of Transit Timing Variation
• A More Precise Mass for GJ 1214 b and the Frequency of Multi-Planet Systems Around Mid-M Dwarfs
• Discrepancies between isochrone fitting and gyrochronology for exoplanet host stars?
• Effects of Secular Interactions in Extrasolar Planetary Systems
• Visible-light Phase Curves from the Second Year of the TESS Primary Mission
• Physical properties, starspot activity, orbital obliquity, and transmission spectrum of the Qatar-2 planetary system from multi-colour photometry
• The GAPS Programme with HARPS-N@TNG V. A comprehensive analysis of the XO-2 stellar and planetary systems
• A tentative detection of He I in the atmosphere of GJ 1214b
• The GAPS programme with HARPS-N@TNG IV: A planetary system around XO-2S
• Evidence that the Hot Jupiter WASP-77 A b Formed Beyond Its Parent Protoplanetary Disk's H2O Ice Line
• Refined architecture of the WASP-8 system: a cautionary tale for traditional Rossiter-McLaughlin analysis
• High-resolution atmospheric retrievals of WASP-121b transmission spectroscopy with ESPRESSO: Consistent relative abundance constraints across multiple epochs and instruments
• The stellar obliquity, planet mass, and very low albedo of Qatar-2 from K2 Photometry
• Characterisation of the upper atmospheres of HAT-P-32 b, WASP-69 b, GJ 1214 b, and WASP-76 b through their He I triplet absorption
• Ephemeris refinement of 21 Hot Jupiter exoplanets with high timing uncertainties
• Physical properties of the WASP-44 planetary system from simultaneous multi-colour photometry
• WASP-92b, WASP-93b and WASP-118b: Three new transiting close-in giant planets
• Confirmation of Water Absorption in the Thermal Emission Spectrum of the Hot Jupiter WASP-77Ab with HST/WFC3
• Ground-based transit observations of the super-Earth GJ 1214b
• A search for H$\alpha$ absorption around KELT-3 b and GJ 436 b
• A new approach to spectroscopic phase curves: The emission spectrum of WASP-12b observed in quadrature with HST/WFC3
• Homogeneous Transit Timing Analyses of Ten Exoplanet Systems
• Photometric defocus observations of transiting extrasolar planets
• WASP-35 and HAT-P-30/WASP-51: re-analysis using TESS and ground-based transit photometry
• TATOO: a tidal-chronology standalone tool to estimate the age of massive close-in planetary systems
• The study on transiting systems HAT-P-13, HAT-P-16 and WASP-32 through combining ground-based and TESS photometry
• WASP-92, WASP-93 and WASP-118: Transit timing variations and long-term stability of the systems
• Simultaneous multicolour optical and near-IR transit photometry of GJ 1214b with SOFIA
• Analysis of HAT-P-16b and TrES-3b Exoplanets by the Transit Timing Variations Method