Orbital relaxation length from first-principles scattering calculations

Abstract

The orbital Hall effect generates a current of orbital angular momentum perpendicular to a charge current. Experiments suggest that this orbital current decays on a long length scale that is of the order of the spin flip diffusion length or longer. We examine this suggestion using first-principles quantum mechanical scattering calculations to study the decay of orbital currents injected from an orbitally-polarized lead into thermally disordered bulk systems of selected transition metals. We find that the decay occurs over only a few atomic layers. On this length scale the orbital current may be converted into a spin current if the spin Hall angle is sufficiently large, as for Pt. In Cu, Cr and V with small spin Hall angles, the conversion into a spin current is negligible in the bulk and significant conversion only occurs at interfaces.

6 pages, 6 figures

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• Orbitronics in Two-dimensional Materials
• Orbital Hall effect in transition metals from first-principles scattering calculations
• Evidence of Ultrashort Orbital Transport in Heavy Metals Revealed by Terahertz Emission Spectroscopy
• Orbital-excitation-dominated magnetization dissipation and quantum oscillation of Gilbert damping in Fe films
• Orbital Edelstein effect of electronic itinerant orbital motion at edges
• Orbital splitter effect and spatial resolution of current-induced orbital accumulation
• Theoretical study of orbital torque: Dependence on ferromagnet species and nonmagnetic layer thickness
• Negligible current-induced torque from the bulk and interface of Al
• Orbital Hall effect from orbital magnetic moments of Bloch states: the role of a new correction term
• Injection of orbital angular momentum into transition metals from first-principles