Single-photon emitters in WSe${}_2$: Critical role of phonons on excitation schemes and indistinguishability

Abstract

Within optical quantum information processing, single-photon sources based on a two-level system in a semiconductor material allow for on-demand generation of single photons. To initiate the spontaneous emission process, it is necessary to efficiently populate the excited state. However, reconciling the requirement for on-demand excitation with both high efficiency and high photon indistinguishability remains a challenge due to the presence of charge noise and phonon-induced decoherence in the solid-state environment. Here, we propose a method for reconstructing the phonon spectral density experienced by WSe${}_2$ quantum emitters in the emission process. Using the reconstructed phonon spectral density, we analyze the performance of the resonant, phonon-assisted, and Swing-UP of the quantum EmitteR population (SUPER) swing-up excitation schemes. Under resonant excitation, we obtain an exciton preparation fidelity limited to $\sim$0.80 by the strong phonon coupling, which improves to 0.96 for the SUPER scheme (or 0.89, depending on the type of emitter considered). Under near-resonant phonon-assisted excitation, we observe near-unity excitation fidelity up to 0.976 (0.997). Additionally, we demonstrate that, assuming the suppression of the phonon sidebands, residual dephasing mechanisms such as charge/spin fluctuations are the dominating decoherence mechanisms undermining the photon indistinguishability.

arXiv comment13 pages, 5 figures

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• Photonics in Flatland: Challenges and Opportunities for Nanophotonics with 2D Semiconductors
• High-purity and stable single-photon emission in bilayer WSe${}_2$ via phonon-assisted excitation
• One-dimensional photonic wire as a single-photon source: Implications of cavity QED to a phonon bath of reduced dimensionality
• SUPER excitation of quantum emitters is a multi-photon process
• Tunable WS${}_2$ Micro-Dome Open Cavity Single Photon Source