Hybrid star models in the light of new multi-messenger data

Abstract

Recent astrophysical mass inferences of compact stars HESS J1731-347 and PSR J0952-0607, with extremely small and large masses respectively, as well as the measurement of the neutron skin of Ca in the CREX experiment challenge and constrain the models of dense matter. We examine the concept of hybrid stars - objects containing quark cores surrounded by nucleonic envelopes - as models that account for these new data along with other inferences. We employ a family of 81 nucleonic equations of state (EoSs) with variable skewness and slope of symmetry energy at saturation density and a constant speed-of-sound EoS for quark matter. For each nucleonic EoS, a family of hybrid EoSs is generated by varying the transition density, the energy jump, and the speed of sound. These models are tested against the data from GW170817 and J1731-347, which favor low-density soft EoS and J0592-0607 and J0740+6620, which require high-density stiff EoS. The addition of J0592-0607's mass measurement to the constraints has no significant impact on the parameter space of the admissible EoS, but allows us to explore the potential effect of pulsars more massive than J0740+6620, if such exists. We then examine the occurrence of twin configurations and quantify the ranges of masses and radii that they can possess. It is shown that including J1731-347 data favors EoSs that predict low-mass twins with $M\lesssim 1.3M_{\odot }$ that can be realized if the deconfinement transition density is low. If combined with large speed of sound in quark matter such models allow for maximum masses of hybrid stars in $2.0$--$2.6M_{\odot }$.

arXiv commentv2: 8 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, expanded data and discussion, matches published version

References in corpus (51)

• On the Absorption of X-rays in the Interstellar Medium
• PSR J0030+0451 Mass and Radius from NICER Data and Implications for the Properties of Neutron Star Matter
• A NICER View of PSR J0030+0451: Millisecond Pulsar Parameter Estimation
• Color superconductivity in dense quark matter
• Properties of the binary neutron star merger GW170817
• A NICER View of the Massive Pulsar PSR J0740+6620 Informed by Radio Timing and XMM-Newton Spectroscopy
• Equations of state for supernovae and compact stars
• Refined Mass and Geometric Measurements of the High-Mass PSR J0740+6620
• Using gravitational-wave observations and quasi-universal relations to constrain the maximum mass of neutron stars
• From hadrons to quarks in neutron stars: a review
• Hybrid stars that masquerade as neutron stars
• Accurate Determination of the Neutron Skin Thickness of ${}^{208}$Pb through Parity-Violation in Electron Scattering
• PSR J0952-0607: The Fastest and Heaviest Known Galactic Neutron Star
• Generic conditions for stable hybrid stars
• Constraint on the maximum mass of neutron stars using GW170817 event
• Precision Determination of the Neutral Weak Form Factor of ${}^{48}$Ca
• Composition and stability of hybrid stars with hyperons and quark color-superconductivity
• Ab initio predictions link the neutron skin of ${}^{208}$Pb to nuclear forces
• A new quark-hadron hybrid equation of state for astrophysics - I. High-mass twin compact stars
• Implications from GW170817 and I-Love-Q relations for relativistic hybrid stars
• Maximum mass of neutron stars and strange neutron-star cores
• Hadron-Quark Crossover and Massive Hybrid Stars with Strangeness
• Compact stars with sequential QCD phase transitions
• Constraining twin stars with GW170817
• The equation of state for dense nucleonic matter from a meta-modeling. II. Predictions for neutron stars properties
• Multimessenger constraints for ultra-dense matter
• Implications of the measurement of pulsars with two solar masses for quark matter in compact stars and HIC. A NJL model case study
• Neutron Star Equation of State in light of GW190814
• Third family of compact stars within a nonlocal chiral quark model equation of state
• Was GW190814 a black hole -- strange quark star system?
• Constraints on Nuclear Symmetry Energy Parameters
• Signals in the tidal deformability for phase transitions in compact stars with constraints from GW170817
• Heavy Baryons in Compact Stars
• Implications from GW170817 for $\Delta$-isobar admixed hypernuclear compact stars
• What is the nature of the HESS J1731-347 compact object?
• Determination of the neutron skin of ${}^{208}$Pb from ultrarelativistic nuclear collisions
• Was GW170817 a canonical neutron star merger? Bayesian analysis with a third family of compact stars
• Extreme Matter meets Extreme Gravity: Ultra-heavy neutron stars with crossovers and first-order phase transitions
• The neutron star in HESS J1731-347: CCOs as laboratories to study the equation of state of superdense matter
• Relativistic hybrid stars with sequential first-order phase transitions and heavy-baryon envelopes
• Relativistic hybrid stars in light of the NICER PSR J0740+6620 radius measurement
• Delta baryons and diquark formation in the cores of neutron stars
• Maximum mass of compact stars from gravitational wave events with finite-temperature equations of state
• Supermassive Neutron Stars Rule Out Twin Stars
• Twin stars as probes of the nuclear equation of state: effects of rotation through the PSR J0952-0607 pulsar and constraints via the tidal deformability from the GW170817 event
• Confirming the existence of twin stars in a NICER way
• Nuclear and Hybrid Equations of State in Light of the Low-Mass Compact Star in HESS J1731-347
• Relativistic hybrid stars with sequential first-order phase transitions in light of multimessenger constraints
• Ultracompact hybrid stars consistent with multimessenger astrophysics
• New covariant density functionals of nuclear matter for compact star simulations
• Impact of Multiple Phase Transitions in Dense QCD on Compact Stars

Cited by in corpus (20)

• Constraining the Properties of the Thermonuclear Burst Oscillation Source XTE J1814-338 Through Pulse Profile Modelling
• XTE J1814-338: A potential hybrid star candidate
• How the QCD trace anomaly behaves at the core of twin stars?
• Impact of the nuclear equation of state on the formation of twin stars
• Speed of sound bounds and first-order phase transitions in compact stars
• Confronting new NICER mass-radius measurements with phase transition in dense matter and twin compact stars
• Comprehensive Analysis of Constructing Hybrid Stars with an RG-consistent NJL Model
• How the HESS J1731-347 event could be explained using ${\mathbf{K}}^{-}$ condensation
• Asymptotically conformal CFL quark matter within a nonlocal chiral quark model
• Bayesian inferences on covariant density functionals from multimessenger astrophysical data: Nucleonic models
• Exploring pathways to forming twin stars
• Bayesian Quantification of Observability and Equation of State of Twin Stars
• Confronting recent light compact star observations with color-flavor locked quark matter
• Constraints on color-flavor locked quark matter in view of the HESS J1731-347 measurement
• Properties of the Object HESS J1731-347 as a Twin Compact Star
• On the Cooling of Compact Stars in Light of the HESS J1731-347 Remnant
• Binding energy of compact stars and their non-radial oscillations
• Classification of $g$-modes for neutron stars with a strong transition: Novel universal relation including slow stable hybrid stars
• Isentropic hybrid stars in the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model: effects of neutrino trapping
• Quantifying the Information Gain from Future High-Precision Radius Measurements for Identifying Twin Neutron Stars