Observation of Subharmonic Charge-Density-Wave Correlations in La-Based Cuprates

Abstract

Pair-density-wave (PDW) correlations have been proposed as an important ingredient in the complex phase diagram of high-$T_{\mathrm{c}}$ cuprates, yet bulk-sensitive experimental signatures remain scarce. Here we report resonant x-ray scattering measurements revealing a subharmonic charge-density-wave (CDW) scattering response in Sr-doped $1/8$-LBCO. The subharmonic response appears at approximately half the primary CDW ordering wave vector and emerges within a physically relevant temperature regime associated with the development of in-plane superconducting correlations. Comparable subharmonic behavior is also observed in a chemically distinct La-based cuprate, LSCO, within the same stripe-ordered, layer-decoupled regime. Together, these observations identify a bulk-sensitive scattering signature that is consistent with PDW correlations in La-based superconducting cuprates.

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