Broad-line region in active galactic nuclei: Dusty or dustless?

Abstract

Context. Dust in active galactic nuclei is clearly present right outside the broad-line region (BLR) in the form of a dusty molecular torus. However, some models of the BLR predict that dust may also exist within the BLR. Aims. We study the reprocessing of radiation by the BLR with the aim of observing how the presence of dust affects the reprocessed continuum and the line properties. Methods. We calculated a range of models using the CLOUDY photoionisation code for dusty and dustless plasma. We paid particular attention to the well-studied object NGC 5548, and we compared the line equivalent width predictions with the data from observations for this object. Results. We obtained a rough agreement between the expected equivalent widths of the H$\beta$ and Mg II lines and the observed values for NGC 5548 for the line distances implied by the time-delay measurement (for H$\beta )$ and the radius-luminosity relation (for Mg II) when the medium is dusty. We found the incident radiation to be consistent with the radiation seen by the observer, so no shielding between the inner disc and the BLR is required. High ionisation lines such as He II, however, clearly form in the inner dustless region. When the additional absorber is present, the H$\beta$ emitting region moves closer to the dustless part of the accretion disc surface.

10 pages, 7 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in the Astronomy and Astrophysics journal

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• UV Fe II emission model of HE 0413-4031 and its relation to broad-line time delays
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• Application of the FRADO model of BLR formation to the Seyfert galaxy NGC 5548 and the first step toward determining the Hubble constant
• H$\beta$ line shape and radius-luminosity relation in 2.5D FRADO
• On the Relation between the Inclination Angle of the Accretion Disk and the Broad-line Region in Active Galactic Nuclei