Symmetry analysis with spin crystallographic groups: Disentangling effects free of spin-orbit coupling in emergent electromagnetism

Abstract

Recent studies identified spin-order-driven phenomena such as spin-charge interconversion without relying on the relativistic spin-orbit interaction. Those physical properties can be prominent in systems containing light magnetic atoms due to sizable exchange splitting and may pave the way for realization of giant responses correlated with the spin degree of freedom. In this paper, we present a systematic symmetry analysis based on the spin crystallographic groups and identify the physical property of a vast number of magnetic materials up to 1500 in total. By decoupling the spin and orbital degrees of freedom, our analysis enables us to take a closer look into the relation between the dimensionality of spin structures and the resultant physical properties and to identify the spin and orbital contributions separately. In stark contrast to the established analysis with magnetic space groups, the spin crystallographic group manifests richer symmetry including spin-translation symmetry and leads to emergent responses. For representative examples, we discuss the geometrical nature of the anomalous Hall effect and magnetoelectric effect and classify the spin Hall effect arising from the nonrelativistic spin-charge coupling. Using the power of computational analysis, we apply our symmetry analysis to a wide range of magnets, encompassing complex magnets such as those with noncoplanar spin structures as well as collinear and coplanar magnets. We identify emergent multipoles relevant to physical responses and argue that our method provides a systematic tool for exploring sizable electromagnetic responses driven by spin order.

33 pages, 7 figures, 6 tables

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Cited by in corpus (22)

• Enumeration and representation theory of spin space groups
• Landau Theory of Altermagnetism
• Observation of Spin Splitting in Room-Temperature Metallic Antiferromagnet CrSb
• Coexistence of Anomalous Hall Effect and Weak Net Magnetization in Collinear Antiferromagnet MnTe
• Non-relativistic spin splitting in compensated magnets that are not altermagnets
• Odd-parity Magnetism Driven by Antiferromagnetic Exchange
• G-type Antiferromagnetic BiFeO${}_3$ is a Multiferroic $g$-wave Altermagnet
• Magnetic geometry induced quantum geometry and nonlinear transports
• Determination of the Néel vector in rutile altermagnets through x-ray magnetic circular dichroism: the case of MnF${}_2$
• Multiferroic collinear antiferromagnet with hidden altermagnetic split
• Gapped nodal planes drive a large topological Nernst effect in a chiral lattice antiferromagnet
• Magnetic Dichroism in Rutile NiF${}_2$: Separating Altermagnetic and Ferromagnetic Effects
• TensorSymmetry: a package to get symmetry-adapted tensors disentangling spin-orbit coupling effect and establishing analytical relationship with magnetic order
• Anisotropic Piezomagnetism in Noncollinear Antiferromagnets
• Crystal tensor properties of magnetic materials with and without spin-orbit coupling. Application of spin point groups as approximate symmetries
• Generalized Pitaevskii relation between rectifying and linear responses: its application to reciprocal magnetization induction
• Competition between terahertz magnetoelectric and Néel spin-orbit torque driven spin dynamics in metallic antiferromagnets
• Nonlinear Hall effect driven by spin-charge-coupled motive force
• Automatic calculation of symmetry-adapted tensors under spin-group symmetry. STENSOR, a new tool of the Bilbao Crystallographic Server
• On the Néel Vector Dependence of X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism in Altermagnets
• Nonrelativistic Functional Properties in Collinear Antiferromagnets Based on Multipole Representation Theory
• Riemannian geometric classification and emergent phenomena of magnetic textures