Is the correlation between the bulge-to-total stellar mass ratio and the number of dwarf galaxies in tension with $\Lambda$CDM?

Abstract

Previous results suggest that there exists a correlation between the size of the bulge of a galaxy and the number of its dwarf galaxy satellites. This was found to be inconsistent with the standard model of cosmology based on comparisons to semi-analytical dark matter-only simulations, where no such correlation was found. In this work, we extend these studies using the volume-complete ELVES dwarf galaxy catalog, which increases the number of systems compared to previous work by a factor of four. For each giant galaxy we compile the bulge-to-total baryonic mass (B/T) ratio and put it as a function of the number of dwarf galaxies surrounding them within 250 kpc (N${}_{250}$). For the 29 galaxy systems in the ELVES catalog, we find a linear relation between B/T and N${}_{250}$ which is consistent with previous data. However, for a given stellar mass of the host galaxy this relation is mainly driven by their morphology, where early-type galaxies have a larger B/T ratio and a larger N${}_{250}$ than late type galaxies. By investigating spiral galaxies in Illustris-TNG100, we tested whether the inclusion of baryons in the simulations will change the results based on Millennium-II. Contrary to dark matter-only simulations, we do find a correlation between B/T and N${}_{250}$, indicating that the standard model of cosmology does predict a correlation. The empirical relation between the number of satellites and the bulge to total stellar mass is therefore not necessarily in tension with $\Lambda$CDM.

Accepted for publication in A&A. 7 pages, 5 figures, 1 table

References in corpus (27)

• Too big to fail? The puzzling darkness of massive Milky Way subhaloes
• Galactic Angular Momentum in the Illustris Simulation: Feedback and the Hubble Sequence
• Discovery of New Dwarf Galaxies in the M81 Group
• X-ray Binary Luminosity Function Scaling Relations for Local Galaxies Based on Subgalactic Modeling
• The discovery of seven extremely low surface brightness galaxies in the field of the nearby spiral galaxy M101
• A trail of dark matter-free galaxies from a bullet dwarf collision
• Discovery of a close pair of faint dwarf galaxies in the halo of Centaurus A
• The Dragonfly Nearby Galaxies Survey. III. The Luminosity Function of the M101 Group
• The Fornax Deep Survey (FDS) with VST. VI. Optical properties of the dwarf galaxies in the Fornax cluster
• Galaxies grow their bulges and black holes in diverse ways
• Formation of S0 galaxies through mergers. V. Antitruncated stellar discs resulting from major mergers
• The coherent motion of Cen A dwarf satellite galaxies remains a challenge for $\Lambda$CDM cosmology
• Tidal dwarf galaxies in cosmological simulations
• Dwarf Galaxy Discoveries from the KMTNet Supernova Program I. The NGC 2784 Galaxy Group
• Galaxy populations in the Hydra I cluster from the VEGAS survey II. The ultra-diffuse galaxy population
• The tangential velocity excess of the Milky Way satellites
• A Recent Major Merger Tale for the Closest Giant Elliptical Galaxy Centaurus A
• The morphological transformation and the quenching of galaxies
• Stellar population and structural properties of dwarf galaxies and young stellar systems in the M81 group
• The abundance of dwarf galaxies around low-mass giants in the Local Volume
• Evidence for a Massive Andromeda Galaxy Using Satellite Galaxy Proper Motions
• A correlation between the number of satellites and the baryonic bulge-to-total ratio extending beyond the Local Group
• Characterizing dw1335-29, a recently discovered dwarf satellite of M83
• Ultrafaint Dwarf Galaxy Candidates in the M81 Group: Signatures of Group Accretion
• Recovering the origins of the lenticular galaxy NGC 3115 using multi-band imaging
• Estimation of the masses in the Local Group by Gradient Boosted Decision Trees
• New dwarf galaxy candidates in the sphere of influence of the Local Volume spiral galaxy NGC2683

Cited by in corpus (1)

• Bulgeless Evolution And the Rise of Discs (BEARD) III. A numerical simulation view of satellites around Milky-Way analogues