A Transient Overcooling in the Early Universe? Clues from Globular Clusters Formation

Abstract

The mere existence of multiple stellar generations in Milky Way globular clusters indicates that each generation was unable to stop star formation, that instead persisted unimpeded for several million years. This evidence argues for an extended stage of star formation within a forming globular cluster, during which stellar feedback was substantially ineffective and the nascent globular cluster was able to accrete processed gas from its surrounding, and efficiently convert it into successive stellar generations. It has been argued that such delayed feedback results from core collapse in most massive stars failing to trigger an energetic supernova explosion, but rather leading directly to black hole formation. Thus, globular clusters offer a concrete phenomenological example for the lack of feedback in young starbursts, an option that has been widely advocated to account for the unexpected abundance of UV-luminous galaxies at z = 9-16, as revealed by JWST observations. The paper is meant to attract attention to this opportunity for a synergic cooperation of globular cluster and high redshift research.

Four pages, no figures, submitted to MNRAS on May 22, 2023

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• SIEGE IV: compact star clusters in cosmological simulations with high star formation efficiency and sub-parsec resolution
• Probing Reionization-Era Galaxies with JWST UV Luminosity Functions and Large-Scale Clustering
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• Puzzling radial gradients of K-band absorption features in the giant elliptical galaxy M87