Weakly-Supervised Anomaly Detection in the Milky Way
arXiv:2305.03761 · doi:10.1093/mnras/stad3663
Abstract
Large-scale astrophysics datasets present an opportunity for new machine learning techniques to identify regions of interest that might otherwise be overlooked by traditional searches. To this end, we use Classification Without Labels (CWoLa), a weakly-supervised anomaly detection method, to identify cold stellar streams within the more than one billion Milky Way stars observed by the Gaia satellite. CWoLa operates without the use of labeled streams or knowledge of astrophysical principles. Instead, we train a classifier to distinguish between mixed samples for which the proportions of signal and background samples are unknown. This computationally lightweight strategy is able to detect both simulated streams and the known stream GD-1 in data. Originally designed for high-energy collider physics, this technique may have broad applicability within astrophysics as well as other domains interested in identifying localized anomalies.
References in corpus (53)
- Astropy: A Community Python Package for Astronomy
- TensorFlow: Large-Scale Machine Learning on Heterogeneous Distributed Systems
- Gaia Data Release 2. Summary of the contents and survey properties
- The Astropy Project: Building an inclusive, open-science project and status of the v2.0 core package
- The Gaia mission
- The Astropy Project: Sustaining and Growing a Community-oriented Open-source Project and the Latest Major Release (v5.0) of the Core Package
- Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA)
- Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA): Giant Planets, Oscillations, Rotation, and Massive Stars
- Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA): Binaries, Pulsations, and Explosions
- MESA Isochrones and Stellar Tracks (MIST). I: Solar-Scaled Models
- Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA): Convective Boundaries, Element Diffusion, and Massive Star Explosions
- Gaia Data Release 2: The astrometric solution
- MESA Isochrones and Stellar Tracks (MIST) 0: Methods for the construction of stellar isochrones
- The merger that led to the formation of the Milky Way's inner stellar halo and thick disk
- The mass distribution and gravitational potential of the Milky Way
- Co-formation of the Galactic disc and the stellar halo
- The Field of Streams: Sagittarius and its Siblings
- The Sagittarius Dwarf Galaxy: a Model for Evolution in a Triaxial Milky Way Halo
- Constraining the Milky Way potential with a 6-D phase-space map of the GD-1 stellar stream
- Detection of a 63 Degree Cold Stellar Stream in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
- Anomaly Detection with Density Estimation
- Classification without labels: Learning from mixed samples in high energy physics
- Anomaly Detection for Resonant New Physics with Machine Learning
- The Spur and the Gap in GD-1: Dynamical evidence for a dark substructure in the Milky Way halo
- Extending the Bump Hunt with Machine Learning
- Modeling the disruption of the globular cluster Pal5 by Galactic tides
- The number and size of subhalo-induced gaps in stellar streams
- Spectroscopy of QUEST RR Lyrae Variables: the new Virgo Stellar Stream
- Dijet resonance search with weak supervision using TeV collisions in the ATLAS detector
- Off the beaten path: Gaia reveals GD-1 stars outside of the main stream
- STREAMFINDER I: A New Algorithm for detecting Stellar Streams
- galstreams: A Library of Milky Way Stellar Stream Footprints and Tracks
- The Pal 5 Star Stream Gaps
- Fourteen candidate RR Lyrae star streams in the inner Galaxy
- Effects of baryonic and dark matter substructure on the Pal 5 stream
- Fine structure in the phase space distribution of nearby subdwarfs
- The Dawning of the Stream of Aquarius in RAVE
- Dynamics of stream-subhalo interactions
- Evidence of a dwarf galaxy stream populating the inner Milky Way Halo
- Under the Firelight: Stellar Tracers of the Local Dark Matter Velocity Distribution in the Milky Way
- Dark Matter Direct Search Rates in Simulations of the Milky Way and Sagittarius Stream
- Butterfly in a Cocoon, Understanding the origin and morphology of Globular Cluster Streams: The case of GD-1
- High-resolution spectroscopy of the GD-1 stellar stream localizes the perturber near the orbital plane of Sagittarius
- Locating the orbits delineated by tidal streams
- A closer look at the spur, blob, wiggle, and gaps in GD-1
- A deeper look at the GD1 stream: density variations and wiggles
- Identifying Stellar Streams in Gaia DR2 with Data Mining Techniques
- Via Machinae: Searching for Stellar Streams using Unsupervised Machine Learning
- Galactic potential constraints from clustering in action space of combined stellar stream data
- The tidal tails of NGC 2298
- Charting Galactic Accelerations with Stellar Streams and Machine Learning
- Stellar Streams in the Galactic Disk: Predicted Lifetimes and Their Utility in Measuring the Galactic Potential
- Via Machinae 2.0: Full-Sky, Model-Agnostic Search for Stellar Streams in Gaia DR2