Probing the incompressibility of dense hadronic matter near QCD phase transition in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

Abstract

Based on the extended hadronic transport model of relativistic heavy-ion collisions, the incompressibility of dense hadronic matter created in relativistic Au+Au heavy-ion collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=3$ GeV is studied. By comparing experimental proton directed flow, productions of strange hadrons $\varphi$, $K^{-}$ as well as their ratio $\varphi /K^{-}$, proton high-order cumulants to the model calculations, a large incompressibility of dense hadronic matter is obtained from nucleon observabels while a rather small incompressibility is needed to fit the data of strange hadrons. This may indicate hadronic matter possesses different incompressibilities in different density regions, i.e., the incompressibility may become stiffer from saturation density to a certain baryon density and then turn to soft before reaching hadron-quark phase transition. The study also shows that the incompressibility significantly affects the critical baryon density of hadron-quark phase transition.

arXiv comment5 pages, 4 figures, accepted by PRC, in production

References in corpus (33)

• Experimental and Theoretical Challenges in the Search for the Quark Gluon Plasma: The STAR Collaboration's Critical Assessment of the Evidence from RHIC Collisions
• Formation of dense partonic matter in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions at RHIC: Experimental evaluation by the PHENIX collaboration
• The equation of state for nucleon matter and neutron star structure
• Determination of the Equation of State of Dense Matter
• A Multi-Phase Transport Model for Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions
• The phase diagram of dense QCD
• Evidence for quark-matter cores in massive neutron stars
• Non-Gaussian fluctuations near the QCD critical point
• Tidal Deformabilities and Radii of Neutron Stars from the Observation of GW170817
• Mapping the Phases of Quantum Chromodynamics with Beam Energy Scan
• Search for the QCD Critical Point with Fluctuations of Conserved Quantities in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions at RHIC : An Overview
• Identifying a first-order phase transition in neutron star mergers through gravitational waves
• Signatures of quark-hadron phase transitions in general-relativistic neutron-star mergers
• Non-monotonic energy dependence of net-proton number fluctuations
• Kaon production in heavy-ion collisions and maximum mass of neutron stars
• Phase transitions in the early and the present Universe
• Further developments of a multi-phase transport model for relativistic nuclear collisions
• QCD Phase Diagram: Phase Transition, Critical Point and Fluctuations
• Deuteron production and elliptic flow in relativistic heavy ion collisions
• Bayesian inference of dense matter EOS encapsulating a first-order hadron-quark phase transition from observables of canonical neutron stars
• Flow and interferometry results from Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{{\text{s}}_{NN}}$ = 4.5 GeV
• Constraining hadron-quark phase transition parameters within the quark-mean-field model using multimessenger observations of neutron stars
• The high-density equation of state in heavy-ion collisions: Constraints from proton flow
• Effects of a phase transition on two-pion interferometry in heavy-ion collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=2.4-7.7$ GeV
• Directed flow of $\Lambda$ in high-energy heavy-ion collisions and $\Lambda$ potential in dense nuclear matter
• Hadron-quark mixed phase in the quark-meson coupling model
• Probing Strangeness Canonical Ensemble with $K^{-}$, $\varphi (1020)$ and ${\Xi }^{-}$ Production in Au+Au Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=3\mathrm{GeV}$
• Probing high-density nuclear symmetry energy with ${\Xi }^{-}/{\Xi }^0$ ratio in heavy-ion collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}\sim 3$ GeV
• Phenomenological QCD equations of state for neutron star dynamics: Nuclear-2SC continuity and evolving effective couplings
• Enhancement of elliptic flow can signal a first order phase transition in high energy heavy ion collisions
• Double strangeness ${\Xi }^{-}$ production as a probe of nuclear equation of state at high densities
• Probing the boundary of phase transition of nuclear matter using proton flows in heavy-ion collisions at 2-8 GeV/nucleon
• Spectral functions of strange vector mesons in asymmetric hyperonic matter

Cited by in corpus (6)

• Anti-flow of Mesons in the High Baryon Density Region
• Examination of STAR fixed-target data on directed flow at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 3 and 4.5 GeV
• Violation of NCQ scaling in hadron elliptic flow in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=3.0-7.7GeV
• Predictions of baryon directed flow in heavy-ion collisions at high baryon density
• ${\Omega }^{-}$ production as a probe of equation of state of dense matter near the QCD phase transition in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Investigation of the Spectator Effect on Light Nuclei Production in Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions at High Baryon Density Region