Three-component modelling of O-rich AGB star winds I. Effects of drift using forsterite

Abstract

Stellar winds of cool and pulsating asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars enrich the interstellar medium with large amounts of processed elements and various types of dust. We present the first study on the influence of gas-to-dust drift on ab initio simulations of stellar winds of M-type stars driven by radiation pressure on forsterite particles. Our study is based on our radiation hydrodynamic model code T-800 that includes frequency-dependent radiative transfer, dust extinction based on Mie scattering, grain growth and ablation, gas-to-dust drift using one mean grain size, a piston that simulates stellar pulsations, and an accurate high spatial resolution numerical scheme. To enable this study, we calculated new gas opacities based on the ExoMol database, and we extended the model code to handle the formation of minerals that may form in M-type stars. We determine the effects of drift by comparing drift models to our new and extant non-drift models. Three out of four new drift models show high drift velocities, 87-310 km/s. Our new drift model mass-loss rates are 1.7-13 per cent of the corresponding values of our non-drift models, but compared to the results of two extant non-drift models that use the same stellar parameters, these same values are 0.33-1.5 per cent. Meanwhile, a comparison of other properties such as the expansion velocity and grain size show similar values. Our results, which are based on single-component forsterite particles, show that the inclusion of gas-to-drift is of fundamental importance in stellar wind models driven by such transparent grains. Assuming that the drift velocity is insignificant, properties such as the mass-loss rate may be off from more realistic values by a factor of 50 or more.

15 pages, 6 figures, accepted and in press

References in corpus (33)

• CH in stellar atmospheres: an extensive linelist
• ExoMol molecular line lists XXXV: a rotation-vibration line list for hot ammonia
• ExoMol molecular line lists - XVI: The rotation-vibration spectrum of hot H${}_2$S
• The 2020 release of the ExoMol database: molecular line lists for exoplanet and other hot atmospheres
• ExoMol line lists XVIII. The high temperature spectrum of VO
• ExoMol line lists -- XXXIX. Ro-vibrational molecular line list for CO${}_2$
• A hybrid line list for CH${}_4$ and hot methane continuum
• The ExoMolOP Database: Cross-sections and k-tables for Molecules of Interest in High-Temperature Exoplanet Atmospheres
• ExoMol molecular line lists -- XXXVII: spectra of acetylene
• The full infrared spectrum of molecular hydrogen
• AGB Stars in the Fornax Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy
• Exploring wind-driving dust species in cool luminous giants I. Basic criteria and dynamical models of M-type AGB stars
• ExoMol line lists -- XLIV. IR and UV line list for silicon monoxide (SiO)
• Exploring wind-driving dust species in cool luminous giants III. Wind models for M-type AGB stars: dynamic and photometric properties
• ExoMol line lists XXXI: Spectroscopy of lowest eights electronic states of C${}_2$
• The spectrum of N${}_2$ from 4,500 to 15,700 cm${}^{-1}$ revisited with PGOPHER
• An extensive grid of DARWIN models for M-type AGB stars I. Mass-loss rates and other properties of dust-driven winds
• The evolution of DARWIN: current status of wind models for AGB stars
• Full Spectroscopic Model and Trihybrid Experimental-Perturbative-Variational Line List for CN
• An update to the MARVEL dataset and ExoMol line list for 12C2
• Calculation of Electric Quadrupole Linestrengths for Diatomic Molecules: Application to the H2, CO, HF and O2 Molecules
• Spectroscopy of YO from first principles
• The period--luminosity relation for Mira variables in the Milky Way using Gaia DR3: a further distance anchor for $H_0$
• Herschel/PACS observations of the 69 $\mu m$ band of crystalline olivine around evolved stars
• Low-Temperature Gas Opacities with AESOPUS 2.0
• ExoMol line lists -- XLV. Rovibronic molecular line lists of calcium monohydride (CaH) and magnesium monohydride (MgH)
• Experimental energy levels of 12C14N through MARVEL analysis
• Interplay between pulsation, mass loss, and third dredge-up: More about Miras with and without technetium
• Three-component modeling of C-rich AGB star winds III. Micro-physics of drift-dependent dust formation
• On the Silicate Crystallinities of Oxygen-Rich Evolved Stars and Their Mass Loss Rates
• Dust-depletion sequences in damped Ly-α absorbers II. The composition of cosmic dust, from low-metallicity systems to the Galaxy
• Spectral modelling of Type IIb Supernovae
• The intense production of silicates during the final AGB phases of intermediate mass stars

Cited by in corpus (1)

• The impact of third dredge-up on the mass loss of Mira variables