Enzyme-enriched condensates show self-propulsion, positioning, and coexistence

Abstract

Enzyme-enriched condensates can organize the spatial distribution of their substrates by catalyzing non-equilibrium reactions. Conversely, an inhomogeneous substrate distribution induces enzyme fluxes through substrate-enzyme interactions. We find that condensates move towards the center of a confining domain when this feedback is weak. Above a feedback threshold, they exhibit self-propulsion, leading to oscillatory dynamics. Moreover, catalysis-driven enzyme fluxes can lead to interrupted coarsening, resulting in equidistant condensate positioning, and to condensate division.

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Cited by in corpus (14)

• Nonreciprocal pattern formation of conserved fields
• Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics of Non-Ideal Reaction-Diffusion Systems: Implications for Active Self-Organization
• Self-consistent sharp interface theory of active condensate dynamics
• Nonequilibrium interfacial properties of chemically driven fluids
• Reaction-driven Diffusiophoresis of Liquid Condensates: Mechanisms for Intra-cellular Organization
• Delayed excitations induce polymer looping and coherent motion
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• Coarsening dynamics of chemotactic aggregates
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• Gradient dynamics model for chemically driven running drops
• Chemotaxis-induced phase separation
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• Externally driven condensates show translation-induced polarization, directed coalescence, and anomalous diffusion in viscoelastic media
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