Nonequilibrium interfacial properties of chemically driven fluids
arXiv:2307.00579 · doi:10.1063/5.0166824
Abstract
Chemically driven fluids can demix to form condensed droplets that exhibit phase behaviors not observed at equilibrium. In particular, nonequilibrium interfacial properties can emerge when the chemical reactions are driven differentially between the interior and exterior of the phase-separated droplets. Here, we use a minimal model to study changes in the interfacial tension between coexisting phases away from equilibrium. Simulations of both droplet nucleation and interface roughness indicate that the nonequilibrium interfacial tension can either be increased or decreased relative to its equilibrium value, depending on whether the driven chemical reactions are accelerated or decelerated within the droplets. Finally, we show that these observations can be understood using a predictive theory based on an effective thermodynamic equilibrium.
References in corpus (14)
- Stochastic thermodynamics, fluctuation theorems, and molecular machines
- Pressure is not a state function for generic active fluids
- Growth and Division of Active Droplets: A Model for Protocells
- Critical point and coexistence curve properties of the Lennard-Jones fluid: A finite-size scaling study
- Forward Flux Sampling for rare event simulations
- Ensemble and Trajectory Thermodynamics: A Brief Introduction
- Physics of Active Emulsions
- Chemical reaction-controlled phase separated drops: Formation, size selection, and coarsening
- Mechanical Theory of Nonequilibrium Coexistence and Motility-Induced Phase Separation
- Enzyme-enriched condensates show self-propulsion, positioning, and coexistence
- Classical Nucleation Theory for Active Fluid Phase Separation
- Nucleation of chemically active droplets
- Interface roughening in nonequilibrium phase-separated systems
- Tuning nucleation kinetics via nonequilibrium chemical reactions