Gravitational wave constraints on spatial covariant gravities

Abstract

The direct discovery of gravitational waves (GWs) from the coalescence of compact binary components by the LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA Collaboration provides an unprecedented opportunity for exploring the underlying theory of gravity that drives the coalescence process in the strong and highly dynamical field regime of gravity. In this paper, we consider the observational effects of spatial covariant gravities on the propagation of GWs in the cosmological background and obtain the observational constraints on coupling coefficients in the action of spatial covariant gravities from GW observations. We first decompose the GWs into the left- and right-hand circular polarization modes and derive the effects of the spatial covariant gravities on the propagation equation of GWs. We find that these effects can be divided into three classes: 1) frequency-independent effects on GW speed and friction, 2) parity-violating amplitude and velocity birefringences, and 3) a Lorentz-violating damping rate and dispersion of GWs. With these effects, we calculate the corresponding modified waveform of GWs generated by the coalescence of compact binaries. By comparing these new effects with the publicly available posterior samples or results from various tests of gravities with LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA data in the literature, we derive the observational constraints on coupling coefficients of the spatial covariant gravities. These results represent the most comprehensive constraints on the spatial covariant gravities in the literature.

14 pages, 2 figures, and 4 tables. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2210.05259; v2: version to appear in PRD

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• Gravitational wave constraints on non-birefringent dispersions of gravitational waves due to Lorentz violations with GWTC-3
• Gravitational Radiation from Eccentric Binary Black Hole System in Dynamical Chern-Simons Gravity
• Scalar induced gravitational waves in chiral scalar-tensor theory of gravity
• Modified gravitational wave propagations in linearized gravity with Lorentz and diffeomorphism violations and their gravitational wave constraints
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• Constraints on the ghost-free parity-violating gravity from Laser-ranged Satellites
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• Scalar-induced gravitational waves in spatially covariant gravity
• Dynamics and gravitational radiation of binaries with spin precession and eccentricity in dynamical Chern-Simons gravity
• Spatially covariant gravity with two degrees of freedom in the presence of an auxiliary scalar field: Hamiltonian analysis
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