Swift J1728.9-3613 is a black hole X-ray binary: spectral and timing study using NICER

Abstract

We study different timing and spectral properties of the new Galactic X-ray transient Swift J1728.9-3613 using NICER and Swift, discovered by the Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) on the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory. The source went through multiple transitions to different spectral states during the outburst, and the complete evolution created a q-shaped track in the hardness intensity diagram. A partial hysteresis is also observed in the RMS-intensity diagram, which is another well-defined phenomenon of black hole transients. In SIMS, power density spectra were dominated by broadband noise components, and two type B QPOs were detected. We have fitted 1-10 keV energy spectra obtained from NICER observations that were performed during the outburst, and the temporal evolution of spectral parameters were studied. On MJD 58584.69, a small-scale reflare happened, and we observed that the spectral index decreased to a much lower value associated with finite changes in other spectral parameters also, and the 1-10 keV averaged flux also increased. We observed that the innermost radius of the accretion disc was almost constant during the soft state, which corresponds to the Innermost Stable Circular Orbit (ISCO). We have measured the lower limit of mass of the compact object to be approximately 4.6 M, considering a non-spinning black hole binary system, by fitting 1-10 keV NICER spectra with the diskbb component. The soft-to-hard transition occurred when the bolometric luminosity was 0.01 times the Eddington luminosity. Based on our combined study of the evolution of the timing and spectral properties, we conclude that the new source Swift J1728.9-3613 is a black hole X-ray binary.

6 figures, 2 tables, submitted in MNRAS

References in corpus (9)

• X-ray Properties of Black-Hole Binaries
• Modelling the behaviour of accretion flows in X-ray binaries
• Black hole-like hysteresis and accretion states in neutron star low mass X-ray binaries
• No Time for Dead Time: Timing analysis of bright black hole binaries with NuSTAR
• The mass function of GX 339-4 from spectroscopic observations of its donor star
• X-ray and Optical Monitoring of State Transitions in MAXI J1820+070
• NICER observations reveal that the X-ray transient MAXI J1348-630 is a Black Hole X-ray binary
• A timing study of MAXI J1820+070 based on Swift/XRT and NICER monitoring in 2018/19
• Millihertz quasi-periodic oscillations and broad iron line from LMC X-1

Cited by in corpus (4)

• The Spin of a Newborn Black Hole: Swift J1728.9-3613
• The Black Hole Candidate Swift J1728.9$-$3613 and the Supernova Remnant G351.9$-$0.9
• Multi-wavelength observation of MAXI J1348$-$630 during the outburst in 2019
• Empirical correlation between masses of black holes and Wolf-Rayet stars derived from their mass distributions in spectroscopic binaries