Two boson stars in equilibrium

Abstract

We construct and explore the solution space of two non-spinning, mini-boson stars in equilibrium, in fully non-linear General Relativity (GR), minimally coupled to a free, massive, complex scalar field. The equilibrium is due to the balance between the (long range) gravitational attraction and the (short-range) scalar mediated repulsion, the latter enabled by a $\pi$ relative phase. Gravity is \textit{mandatory}; it is shown no similar solutions exist in flat spacetime, replacing gravity by non-linear scalar interactions. We study the variation of the proper distance between the stars with their mass (or oscillation frequency), showing it can be qualitatively captured by a simple analytic model that features the two competing interactions. Finally, we discuss some physical properties of the solutions, including their gravitational lensing.

22 pages, 8 figures; Some data can be found in http://gravitation.web.ua.pt/node/4065

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Cited by in corpus (5)

• Binary boson stars: Merger dynamics and formation of rotating remnant stars
• Proca-Higgs balls and stars in a UV completion for Proca self-interactions
• Self-interacting dipolar boson stars and their dynamics
• Relevance of Precession for Tests of the Black Hole No Hair Theorems
• Eccentric mergers of binary Proca stars