Expansion dynamics of a shell-shaped Bose-Einstein condensate

Abstract

Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) confined on shell-shaped surfaces have been proposed as a platform for exploring many nontrivial quantum phenomena on curved spaces. However, as the shell-shaped trapping potential generated with the conventional radio frequency dressing method is very sensitive to gravity, so far experimental studies of shell BECs can only be performed in micro-gravity environments. Here, we overcome this difficulty and create a shell BEC in the presence of Earth's gravity with immiscible dual-species BECs of sodium and rubidium atoms. After minimizing the displacement between the centers of mass of the two BECs with a magic-wavelength optical dipole trap, the interspecies repulsive interaction ensures the formation of a closed shell of sodium atoms with its center filled by rubidium atoms. Releasing the double BEC together from the trap, we observe explosion of the filled shell accompanied by energy transfer from the inner BEC to the shell BEC. With the inner BEC removed, we obtain a hollow shell BEC which shows self-interference as a manifestation of implosion. Our results pave an alternative way for investigating many of the intriguing physics offered by shell BECs.

References in corpus (3)

• Many-Body Physics with Ultracold Gases
• Quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulator in a gas of ultracold atoms
• Atom trapping and two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates in field-induced adiabatic potentials

Cited by in corpus (28)

• Low-dimensional quantum gases in curved geometries
• Perspective on Quantum Bubbles in Microgravity
• Supersolid phases of bosonic particles in a bubble trap
• Shell-shaped atomic gases
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• Shell-Shaped Quantum Droplet in a Three-Component Ultracold Bose Gas
• Gas-to-soliton transition of attractive bosons on a spherical surface
• Rossby-Haurwitz wave in a rotating bubble-shaped Bose-Einstein condensate
• Matter-wave lensing of shell-shaped Bose-Einstein condensates
• Spontaneous dipolar Bose-Einstein condensation on the surface of a cylinder
• Quantum Vortices in Curved Geometries
• Faraday waves on a bubble Bose-Einstein condensed binary mixture
• Bose-Einstein condensates and the thin-shell limit in anisotropic bubble traps
• Efficient matter-wave lensing of ultracold atomic mixtures
• Efficient numerical description of the dynamics of interacting multispecies quantum gases
• Bose-Einstein condensation on axially-symmetric surfaces
• Two-component repulsive atomic Fermi gases in a thin spherical shell
• All-optical bubble trap for ultracold atoms in microgravity
• Dimer problem on a spherical surface
• Synthetic half-integer magnetic monopole and single-vortex dynamics in spherical Bose-Einstein condensates
• Geometric filtering effect in expanding Bose-Einstein condensate shells
• Confinement-Induced Resonances in Spherical Shell Traps
• Preparation of quasi-two-dimensional Bose mixture of ultracold ${}^{23}$Na and ${}^{87}$Rb atoms
• Cavity-induced quantum droplets
• Stability of dark solitons in a bubble Bose-Einstein condensate
• Repulsive fermions and shell effects on the surface of a sphere
• Two-component atomic Fermi superfluid with spin-orbital coupling in thin spherical-shell geometry
• Geometric potential for a Bose-Einstein condensate on a curved surface