A measure of cosmological distance using the \civ\ Baldwin effect in quasars

Abstract

We use the anticorrelation between the equivalent width (EW) of the C\,\textsc{iv} 1549 Å emission line and the continuum luminosity in the quasars rest frame (Baldwin effect) to measure their luminosity distance as well as estimate cosmological parameters. We obtain a sample of 471 Type I quasars with the UV/optical spectra and EW (C\,\textsc{iv}) measurements in the redshift range of $2.3<z<7.1$ including 25 objects at $5<z<7.1$, which can be used to investigate the C\,\textsc{iv} Baldwin effect and determine cosmological luminosity distance. The relation $EW(C\,\textsc{iv}) \propto {(λ{L_λ})^γ}$ can be applied to check the inverse correlation between the C\,\textsc{iv} EW and $L_{\lambda }$ of quasars and give their distance, and the data suggest that the EW of C\,\textsc{iv} is inversely correlated with continuum monochromatic luminosities. On the other hand, we also consider dividing the Type I quasars sample into various redshift bins, which can be used to check if the C\,\textsc{iv} EW-luminosity relation depends on the redshift. Finally, we apply a combination of Type I quasars and SNIa Pantheon to test the property of dark energy concerning whether or not its density deviates from the constant, and give the statistical results.

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