EOS-ESTM: A flexible climate model for habitable exoplanets
arXiv:2206.05151 · doi:10.1093/mnras/stac1642
Abstract
Rocky planets with temperate conditions provide the best chance for discovering habitable worlds and life outside the Solar System. In the last decades, new instrumental facilities and large observational campaigns have been driven by the quest for habitable worlds. Climate models aimed at studying the habitability of rocky planets are essential tools to pay off these technological and observational endeavours. In this context, we present EOS-ESTM, a fast and flexible model aimed at exploring the impact on habitability of multiple climate factors, including those unconstrained by observations. EOS-ESTM is built on ESTM, a seasonal-latitudinal energy balance model featuring an advanced treatment of the meridional and vertical transport. The novel features of EOS-ESTM include: (1) parameterizations for simulating the climate impact of oceans, land, ice, and clouds as a function of temperature and stellar zenith distance; (2) a procedure (EOS) for calculating the radiative transfer in atmospheres with terrestrial and non-terrestrial compositions illuminated by solar- and non-solar-type stars. By feeding EOS-ESTM with Earth's stellar, orbital and planetary parameters we derive a reference model that satisfies a large number of observational constraints of the Earth's climate system. Validation tests of non-terrestrial conditions yield predictions that are in line with comparable results obtained with a hierarchy of climate models. The application of EOS-ESTM to planetary atmospheres in maximum greenhouse conditions demonstrates the possibility of tracking the snowball transition at the outer edge of the HZ for a variety of planetary parameters, paving the road for multi-parametric studies of the HZ.
22 pages, 14 figures, 10 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
References in corpus (26)
- The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite
- The James Webb Space Telescope
- Most 1.6 Earth-Radius Planets are not Rocky
- Habitable Zones Around Main-Sequence Stars: Dependence on Planetary Mass
- Habitable planets around the star Gl 581?
- Strong Dependence of the Inner Edge of the Habitable Zone on Planetary Rotation Rate
- Combining high-dispersion spectroscopy (HDS) with high contrast imaging (HCI): Probing rocky planets around our nearest neighbors
- How to Characterize Habitable Worlds and Signs of Life
- Observing the Atmospheres of Known Temperate Earth-sized Planets with JWST
- Tidal Locking of Habitable Exoplanets
- Asynchronous rotation of Earth-mass planets in the habitable zone of lower-mass stars
- HELIOS-K 2.0 Opacity Calculator and Open-source Opacity Database for Exoplanetary Atmospheres
- The Habitable Exoplanet Observatory (HabEx) Mission Concept Study Final Report
- Atmospheric dynamics of terrestrial exoplanets over a wide range of orbital and atmospheric parameters
- Self-luminous and irradiated exoplanetary atmospheres explored with HELIOS
- The LUVOIR Mission Concept Study Final Report
- Habitable Climates
- The atmospheric circulation and climate of terrestrial planets orbiting Sun-like and M-dwarf stars over a broad range of planetary parameters
- TRAPPIST-1 Habitable Atmosphere Intercomparison (THAI). Motivations and protocol version 1.0
- Spectrum-driven Planetary Deglaciation Due to Increases in Stellar Luminosity
- Modeling the surface temperature of Earth-like planets
- Effects of Radius and Gravity on the Inner Edge of the Habitable Zone
- Quantitative estimates of the surface habitability of Kepler-452b
- The Effect of Land Fraction and Host Star Spectral Energy Distribution on the Planetary Albedo of Terrestrial Worlds
- An Energy Balance Model for Rapidly and Synchronously Rotating Terrestrial Planets
- Climate bistability of Earth-like exoplanets