Precise, super-resolving intensity measurement by quantum jump spectroscopy of a single neutral atom
arXiv:2205.13899 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevResearch.4.L042026
Abstract
We present precise, sub-wavelength optical intensity measurement using a single trapped Rb atom as a sensor. The intensity is measured by the scalar ac Stark shift it produces on the hyperfine transition of the D line, chosen for its structure and very small tensor polarizability. To boost signal and reduce measurement-induced perturbations, we use a quantum jump spectroscopy technique in which a single absorbed photon on a transition of interest induces the scattering of hundreds of photons on a bright closed transition. The method greatly reduces systematic effects associated with the atomic state, optical polarization, probe power, and atom heating, and gives the atomic temperature as a second spectroscopic observable. We demonstrate the method by measuring the intensity at the focus of an optical tweezer.
5 pages, 5 figures
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