Thermodynamically free quantum measurements

Abstract

Thermal channels -- the free processes allowed in the resource theory of quantum thermodynamics -- are generalised to thermal instruments, which we interpret as implementing thermodynamically free quantum measurements; a Maxwellian demon using such measurements never violates the second law of thermodynamics. Further properties of thermal instruments are investigated and, in particular, it is shown that they only measure observables commuting with the Hamiltonian, and they thermalise the measured system when performing a complete measurement, the latter of which indicates a thermodynamically induced information-disturbance trade-off. The demarcation of measurements that are not thermodynamically free paves the way for a resource-theoretic quantification of their thermodynamic cost.

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Cited by in corpus (7)

• Quantum measurements constrained by the third law of thermodynamics
• A thermodynamically consistent approach to the energy costs of quantum measurements
• Energy conservation and fluctuation theorem are incompatible for quantum work
• Universal validity of the second law of information thermodynamics
• Strong symmetries in collision models and physical dilations of covariant quantum maps
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• Weak continuous measurements require more work than strong ones