Timing and Evolution of PSR B0950+08
arXiv:2204.12659 · doi:10.1093/mnras/stac703
Abstract
We present timing solutions of PSR B0950+08, using 14 years of observations at Nanshan 26-m Radio Telescope of Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory. The braking index of PSR B0950+08 varies from --367 392 to 168 883, which shows an oscillation with large amplitude () and uncertainty. Considering the variation of braking indices and the most probable kinematic age of PSR B0950+08, a model withe long-term magnetic field decay modulated by short-term oscillations is proposed to explain the timing data. With this magnetic field decay model, we discuss the spin and thermal evolution of PSR B0950+08. The uncertainties of its age are also considered. The results show that three-component oscillations are the more reasonable for the spin-frequency derivative distributions of PSR B0950+08, and the initial spin period of PSR B0950+08 must be shorter than when the age is equal to the lower bound of its kinematic age. The standard cooling model could explain the surface temperature of PSR B0950+08 with its most probable kinematic age. Vortex creep heating with a long-term magnetic field decay could maintain a relatively high temperature at the later stages of evolution and explain the thermal emission data of old and warm pulsars. Coupling with the long-term magnetic field decay, an explanation of the temperature of PSR B0950+08 with roto-chemical heating needs an implausibly short initial rotation period (). The spin and thermal evolution of pulsars should be studied simultaneously. Future timing, ultraviolet or X-ray observations are essential for studying the evolution and interior properties of pulsars.
arXiv commentAccepted for publication in MNRAS
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