Nonlinear interactions of dipolar excitons and polaritons in MoS2 bilayers

Abstract

Nonlinear interactions between excitons strongly coupled to light are key for accessing quantum many-body phenomena in polariton systems. Atomically-thin two-dimensional semiconductors provide an attractive platform for strong light-matter coupling owing to many controllable excitonic degrees of freedom. Among these, the recently emerged exciton hybridization opens access to unexplored excitonic species, with a promise of enhanced interactions. Here, we employ hybridized interlayer excitons (hIX) in bilayer MoS2 to achieve highly nonlinear excitonic and polaritonic effects. Such interlayer excitons possess an out-of-plane electric dipole as well as an unusually large oscillator strength allowing observation of dipolar polaritons(dipolaritons) in bilayers in optical microcavities. Compared to excitons and polaritons in MoS2 monolayers, both hIX and dipolaritons exhibit about 8 times higher nonlinearity, which is further strongly enhanced when hIX and intralayer excitons, sharing the same valence band, are excited simultaneously. This gives rise to a highly nonlinear regime which we describe theoretically by introducing a concept of hole crowding. The presented insight into many-body interactions provides new tools for accessing few-polariton quantum correlations.

References in corpus (7)

• Strong light-matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals
• Resonantly hybridised excitons in moiré superlattices in van der Waals heterostructures
• Quantum-fluid dynamics of microcavity polaritons
• Van der Waals Heterostructure Polaritons with moiré-Induced Nonlinearity
• Exciton-exciton interaction in transition-metal dichalcogenide monolayers
• Highly nonlinear dipolar exciton-polaritons in bilayer MoS${}_2$
• Spin-orbit coupled cold exciton condensates

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