Plasmons in semiconductor and topological insulator wires with large dielectric constant

Abstract

The dispersion law of plasmons running along thin wires with radius $a$ is known to be practically linear. We show that in a wire with a dielectric constant $\kappa$ much larger than that of its environment ${\kappa }_e$, such dispersion law crosses over to a dispersionless three-dimensional-like law when the plasmon wavelength becomes shorter than the length $(a/2)\sqrt{(\kappa /{\kappa }_e)\ln (\kappa /2{\kappa }_e)}$ at which the electric field lines of a point charge exit from the wire to the environment. This happens both in trivial semiconductor wires and wires of three-dimensional topological insulators.

6 pages, 2 figures. Submitted to the special issue Azbel-90 of Low Temperature Physics, dedicated to Mark Azbel

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