The origin of the high-mass X-ray binary 4U 2206+54/BD +53 2790

Abstract

Based on the Gaia EDR3 astrometric parameters and our new systemic radial velocity of the high-mass X-ray binary 4U 2206+54/BD+53 2790, we studied the trace back motion of the system and propose that it originated in the subgroup of the Cepheus OB1 association (Age~4-10 Myr) with its brightest star BD+53 2820 (B0V; L~$10^{4.7}$L${}_{\odot }$). The kinematic age of 4U 2206+54 is about 2.8$\pm$0.4 Myr, it is at a distance of 3.1-3.3 kpc and has a space velocity of 75-100 km/s with respect to this member star (BD+53 2820) of the Cep OB1 association. This runaway velocity indicates that the progenitor of the neutron star hosted by 4U 2206+54 lost about 4-9 $M_{\odot }$ during the supernova explosion and the latter one received a kick velocity of at least 200-350 km/s. Since the high-mass X-ray binary 4U 2206+54/BD+53 2790 was born as a member of a subgroup of Cep OB1, the initially most massive star in the system terminated its evolution within ~7-9 Myr, corresponding to an initial mass >= 32$M_{\odot }$.

arXiv comment11 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS

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