Toward establishing the low-lying $P$-wave excited ${\Sigma }_c$ baryon states

Abstract

In this study, by combining the equal spacing rule with recent observations of ${\Omega }_c(X)$ and ${\Xi }_c(X)$ baryons, we predict the spectrum of the low-lying $\lambda$-mode $1P$-wave excited ${\Sigma }_c$ states. Furthermore, their strong decay properties are predicted using the chiral quark model and the nature of ${\Sigma }_c(2800)$ is investigated by analyzing the ${\Lambda }_c\pi$ invariant mass spectrum. The ${\Sigma }_c(2800)$ structure observed in the ${\Lambda }_c\pi$ mass spectrum was found to potentially arise from two overlapping $P$-wave ${\Sigma }_c$ resonances, ${\Sigma }_c(2813)3/2^{-}$ and ${\Sigma }_c(2840)5/2^{-}$. These resonances have similar decay widths of $\Gamma \sim 40$ MeV and predominantly decay into the ${\Lambda }_c\pi$ channel. The ${\Sigma }_c(2755)1/2^{-}$ state is likely to be a very narrow state with a width of $\Gamma \sim 15$ MeV, with its decays almost saturated by the ${\Lambda }_c\pi$ channel. Additionally, evidence of the ${\Sigma }_c(2755){\frac{1}{2}}^{-}$ resonance as a very narrow peak may be seen in the ${\Lambda }_c\pi$ invariant mass spectrum. The other two $P$-wave states, ${\Sigma }_c(2746){\frac{1}{2}}^{-}$ and ${\Sigma }_c(2796){\frac{3}{2}}^{-}$, are relatively narrow states with similar widths of $\Gamma \sim 30$ MeV and predominantly decay into ${\Sigma }_c\pi$ and ${\Sigma }_c^{\ast }\pi$, respectively. We hope our study can provide useful references for discovering these low-lying $P$-wave states in forthcoming experiments.

11 pages, 4 figures

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