X-ray Quasi-periodic Eruptions driven by Star-Disc Collisions : Application to GSN069 and Probing the Spin of Massive Black Holes

Abstract

X-ray quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs) are discovered recently in active galaxies with unknown driven mechanism. Under the assumption that QPEs are caused by star-disc collisions, we adopt full relativistic method and show that both the orbital parameters of the star and also the mass and spinning of the massive black hole (MBH) can be revealed by using the time of arrival (TOA) of the QPEs. By applying the model to the observed QPEs of GSN069, we find that the star is in a near-circular orbit ( $e_{\bullet }=0.05_{-0.02}^{+0.02}$) with semimajor axis of $\sim 365_{-49}^{+54}{r}_{\mathrm{g}}$ around a MBH with $M_{\bullet }=3.0_{-0.6}^{+0.9}\times 10^5{M}_{\odot }$. The alternative short and long recurring time of the QPEs of GSN069 can be well explained by the small eccentricity and the orbital precession of the star. We find that the QPEs of GSN069 are possibly driven by a striped stellar core colliding with accretion disc after partial tidal disruption event around the MBH. For GSN069-like galaxies, if continuous X-ray monitoring of QPE events can be accumulated with uncertainties of TOA $\lesssim 100-150$s, the spin of massive black hole can be constrained by fitting to QPEs. Our results show that the timing of QPEs can provide a unique probe for measuring the spinning of MBH and tests of no-hair theorem.

Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters, 10 pages, 5 figures

References in corpus (5)

• A massive binary black-hole system in OJ287 and a test of general relativity
• GSN 069 -- A Tidal Disruption Near-Miss
• Disc tearing: implications for black hole accretion and AGN variability
• A self-lensing binary massive black hole interpretation of quasi-periodic eruptions
• Evidence of a tidal disruption event in GSN 069 from the abnormal carbon and nitrogen abundance ratio

Cited by in corpus (55)

• Quasi-periodic eruptions from impacts between the secondary and a rigidly precessing accretion disc in an extreme mass-ratio inspiral system
• Repeating tidal disruptions in GSN 069: Long-term evolution and constraints on quasi-periodic eruptions' models
• Science objectives of the Einstein Probe mission
• Quasi-periodic eruptions from mildly eccentric unstable mass transfer in galactic nuclei
• Host galaxy properties of quasi-periodically erupting X-ray sources
• Quasi--Periodic Eruptions from Galaxy Nuclei
• Tormund's return: Hints of quasi-periodic eruption features from a recent optical tidal disruption event
• Magnetically Dominated Disks in Tidal Disruption Events and Quasi-Periodic Eruptions
• Quasi-Periodic Erupters: A Stellar Mass-Transfer Model for the Radiation
• A disk instability model for the quasi-periodic eruptions of GSN 069
• The complex time and energy evolution of quasi-periodic eruptions in eRO-QPE1
• Unstable Mass Transfer from a Main-Sequence Star to a Supermassive Black Hole and Quasi-Periodic Eruptions
• Alive and kicking: A new QPE phase in GSN 069 revealing a quiescent luminosity threshold for QPEs
• Modified models of radiation pressure instability in application to 10, 10${}^5$, and 10${}^7$ $M_{\odot }$ accreting black holes
• Gravitational Wave Astronomy With TianQin
• A model for the possible connection between tidal disruption event and quasi-periodic eruption in GSN 069
• Probing orbits of stellar mass objects deep in galactic nuclei with quasi-periodic eruptions
• Evolution of a Relativistic Outflow and X-ray Corona in the Extreme Changing-Look AGN 1ES 1927+654
• Application of the disk instability model to all Quasi-Periodic Eruptions
• The Lunar Gravitational-wave Antenna: Mission Studies and Science Case
• Milli-Hertz Gravitational Wave Background Produced by Quasi-Periodic Eruptions
• Period Evolution of Repeating Transients in Galactic Nuclei
• Probing orbits of stellar mass objects deep in galactic nuclei with quasi-periodic eruptions -- II: population analysis
• Cosmic hide and seek: the volumetric rate of X-ray quasi-periodic eruptions
• Ticking away: the long-term X-ray timing and spectral evolution of eRO-QPE2
• Alive but Barely Kicking: News from 3+ years of Swift and XMM-Newton X-ray Monitoring of Quasi-Periodic Eruptions from eRO-QPE1
• Embers of Active Galactic Nuclei: Tidal Disruption Events and Quasiperiodic Eruptions
• SRG/eROSITA No. 5: Discovery of quasi-periodic eruptions every ~3.7 days from a galaxy at z>0.1
• QPEs from EMRI Debris Streams Impacting Accretion Disks in Galactic Nuclei
• Repeating Nuclear Transients as Candidate Electromagnetic Counterparts of LISA Extreme Mass Ratio Inspirals
• Eppur si muove: Evidence of disc precession or a sub-milliparsec SMBH binary in the QPE-emitting galaxy GSN 069
• Variability In A Low-Mass AGN: Oscillation Or Eruption?
• Dissonance in harmony: The UV/optical periodic outbursts of ASASSN-14ko exhibit repeated bumps and rebrightenings
• Observing white dwarf tidal stripping with TianQin gravitational wave observatory
• Why are Quasiperiodic Eruptions only Found in Low-Mass Galaxies?
• QPE or QPO? -- Quasiperiodic Activity in Low-Mass Galaxy Nuclei
• Constraining black hole parameters with the precessing jet nozzle of M87*
• Ultraviolet Spectral Evidence for Ansky as a Slowly Evolving Featureless Tidal Disruption Event with Quasiperiodic Eruptions
• The Secular Periodic Evolution of X-ray Quasi-periodic Eruptions Driven by Star-disc Collisions
• Tidal disruption event associated with the quasi-periodic eruptions from GSN 069: Possible disruption of a common envelope
• The orbital evolution of the tidally stripped star and disk-driven stable mass transfer for QPEs in GSN 069
• Gravitational Radiation-Driven Chaotic Tide in a White Dwarf-Massive Black Hole Binary as a Source of Repeating X-ray Transients
• Searching for Quasi-Periodic Eruptions using Machine Learning
• Dynamical Measurement of Supermassive Black Hole Masses: QPE Timing Method
• Captured are circularized: A relativistic treatment of extreme mass ratio inspirals crossing accretion disks
• Testing the Shock-cooling Emission Model from Star-Disk Collisions for Quasiperiodic Eruptions
• NICER observations reveal doubled timescales in Ansky's quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs)
• Searching for supermassive black holes binaries within SRG/eROSITA-De I: Properties of the X-ray selected candidates
• Diverse Emission Patterns from Precessing Super-Eddington Disks Formed in Tidal Disruption Events
• Hubble constant measurement from QPEs as electromagnetic counterparts to extreme mass ratio inspirals
• X-ray Quasi-Periodic Oscillations in Active Galactic Nuclei and Their Implications for the Changing Look Phenomenon
• Radio properties of the quasi-periodic eruption source RXJ1301.9+2747 at parsec scales
• Extreme Mass Ratio Inspirals in Light of Quasi-periodic Eruptions: Milli-Hertz Gravitational Wave Background
• Gravitational Wave Signatures of Quasi-Periodic Eruptions: LISA Detection Prospects for RX J1301.9+2747
• Evolution of Quasi-Periodic Eruptions in the post-TDE Accretion Disk Perturbed by an Orbiting Star