Search for black hole hyperbolic encounters with gravitational wave detectors

Abstract

In recent years, the proposal that there is a large population of primordial black holes living in dense clusters has been gaining popularity. One natural consequence of these dense clusters will be that the black holes inside will gravitationally scatter off each other in hyperbolic encounters, emitting gravitational waves that can be observed by current detectors. In this paper we will derive how to compute the gravitational waves emitted by black holes in hyperbolic orbits, taking into account up to leading order spin effects. We will then study the signal these waves leave in the network of gravitational wave detectors currently on Earth. Using the properties of the signal, we will detail the data processing techniques that can be used to make it stand above the detector noise. Finally, we will look for these signals from hyperbolic encounters in the publicly available LIGO-Virgo data. For this purpose we will develop a two step trigger. The first step of the trigger will be based on looking for correlations between detectors in the time-frequency domain. The second step of the trigger will make use of a residual convolutional neural network, trained with the theoretical predictions for the signal, to look for hyperbolic encounters. With this trigger we find 8 hyperbolic encounter candidates in the 15.3 days of public data analyzed. Some of these candidates are promising, but the total number of candidates found is consistent with the number of false alarms expected from our trigger.

arXiv comment38 pages, 37 figures, 6 tables. Comments welcome

References in corpus (34)

• Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization
• Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger
• GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral
• Advanced Virgo: a 2nd generation interferometric gravitational wave detector
• Multi-messenger Observations of a Binary Neutron Star Merger
• GWTC-1: A Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog of Compact Binary Mergers Observed by LIGO and Virgo during the First and Second Observing Runs
• Advanced LIGO
• How Massive Single Stars End their Life
• GW190521: A Binary Black Hole Merger with a Total Mass of $150M_{\odot }$
• Primordial Black Holes as Dark Matter: Recent Developments
• Coalescing binary systems of compact objects to (post)$^{5/2}-Newtonian order. V. Spin Effects
• Open data from the first and second observing runs of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo
• An introduction to Bayesian inference in gravitational-wave astronomy: parameter estimation, model selection, and hierarchical models
• Coherent method for detection of gravitational wave bursts
• Multiresolution techniques for the detection of gravitational-wave bursts
• Cosmic Conundra Explained by Thermal History and Primordial Black Holes
• Phasing of gravitational waves from inspiralling eccentric binaries
• Glitch Classification and Clustering for LIGO with Deep Transfer Learning
• Deep Transfer Learning: A new deep learning glitch classification method for advanced LIGO
• Post-Newtonian accurate parametric solution to the dynamics of spinning compact binaries in eccentric orbits: The leading order spin-orbit interaction
• Quantum diffusion beyond slow-roll: implications for primordial black-hole production
• Effective-one-body waveforms from dynamical captures in black hole binaries
• The Past, Present and Future of the Resonant-Mass Gravitational Wave Detectors
• Gravitational wave energy emission and detection rates of Primordial Black Hole hyperbolic encounters
• The clustering dynamics of primordial black boles in $N$-body simulations
• Gravitational wave energy spectrum of hyperbolic encounters
• Bayesian analysis of the spin distribution of LIGO/Virgo black holes
• Gravitational waves from spinning compact binaries in hyperbolic orbits
• GW190425, GW190521 and GW190814: Three candidate mergers of primordial black holes from the QCD epoch
• Optimization of model independent gravitational wave search using machine learning
• Searches for Compact Binary Coalescence Events using Neural Networks in LIGO/Virgo Second Observation Period
• The Loudest Gravitational Wave Events
• Seven Hints for Primordial Black Hole Dark Matter
• Review of Pulsar Timing Array for Gravitational Wave Research

Cited by in corpus (26)

• Cosmology with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna
• A novel search for high-frequency gravitational waves with low-mass axion haloscopes
• The Science of the Einstein Telescope
• Hunt for Light Primordial Black Hole Dark Matter with Ultra-High-Frequency Gravitational Waves
• Primordial Black Holes
• Challenges and Opportunities of Gravitational Wave Searches above 10 kHz
• Effects of orbital precession on hyperbolic encounters
• Evolution of a black hole cluster in full general relativity
• Study on the detectability of gravitational radiation from single-binary encounters between black holes in nuclear star cluster: the case of hyperbolic flybys
• Detectability of stochastic gravitational wave background from weakly hyperbolic encounters
• Deep learning for intermittent gravitational wave signals
• Assessing the impact of non-Gaussian noise on convolutional neural networks that search for continuous gravitational waves
• Spin induction from scattering of two spinning black holes in dense clusters
• Deep learning to detect gravitational waves from binary close encounters: Fast parameter estimation using normalizing flows
• Testing the Boundary-to-Bound Correspondence with Numerical Relativity
• Enhancing search pipelines for short gravitational wave transients with Gaussian mixture modelling
• Resonant Islands of Effective-One-Body Dynamics
• Mass octupole and current quadrupole corrections to gravitational wave emission from close hyperbolic encounters
• Gravitational wave background from primordial black holes in globular clusters
• Gravitational wave signals from long lasting binary-single black hole encounters
• Leveraging cross-detector parameter consistency measures to enhance sensitivities of gravitational wave searches
• Interactions among binary black holes in star clusters: Eccentric gravitational wave captures and triple formation
• Spin-up and mass-gain in hyperbolic encounters of spinning black holes
• Effects of dynamical capture on two equal-mass nonspinning black holes
• Detecting stochastic gravitational wave background from cosmic strings with next-generation detector networks: Component separation based on a multi-source astrophysical foreground noise model
• Energetics and scattering of gravitational two-body systems at fourth post-Minkowskian order