Probing gluon helicity with heavy flavor at the EIC

Abstract

We propose a new measurement of the heavy flavor hadron double spin asymmetry in deep-inelastic scattering at a future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) to constrain the polarized gluon distribution function inside the proton. Statistical projection on $D^0$ meson double spin asymmetry is calculated with an EIC central detector using an all-silicon tracker and vertexing subsystem. A first impact study was done by interpreting pseudo-data at next-to-leading order in QCD. The sensitivity of the experimental observable in constraining gluon helicity distribution in a wide range of parton momentum fraction $x$ has been investigated considering different beam energy configurations. This measurement complements the inclusive spin-dependent structure function measurement and provides an opportunity to constrain the gluon helicity distribution in the moderate $x$ region.

arXiv comment10 pages, 9 figures

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• Snowmass 2021 whitepaper: Proton structure at the precision frontier
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• Machine learning-based jet and event classification at the Electron-Ion Collider with applications to hadron structure and spin physics
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• Probing gluon TMDs with reconstructed and tagged heavy flavor hadron pairs at EIC