Expanding the momentum field of view in angle-resolved photoemission systems with hemispherical analyzers

Abstract

In photoelectron spectroscopy, the measured electron momentum range is intrinsically related to the excitation photon energy. Low photon energies $<10$ eV are commonly encountered in laser-based photoemission and lead to a momentum range that is smaller than the Brillouin zones of most materials. This can become a limiting factor when studying condensed matter with laser-based photoemission. An additional restriction is introduced by widely used hemispherical analyzers that record only electrons photoemitted in a solid angle set by the aperture size at the analyzer entrance. Here, we present an upgrade to increase the effective solid angle that is measured with a hemispherical analyzer. We achieve this by accelerating the photoelectrons towards the analyzer with an electric field that is generated by a bias voltage on the sample. Our experimental geometry is comparable to a parallel plate capacitor and, therefore, we approximate the electric field to be uniform along the photoelectron trajectory. With this assumption, we developed an analytic, parameter-free model that relates the measured angles to the electron momenta in the solid and verify its validity by comparing with experimental results on the charge density wave material TbTe${}_3$. By providing a larger field of view in momentum space, our approach using a bias potential considerably expands the flexibility of laser-based photoemission setups.

11 pages, 7 figures

References in corpus (8)

• Electronic structure of quantum materials studied by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
• ARPES Study of the Evolution of Band Structure and Charge Density Wave Properties in RTe3 for R = Y, La, Ce, Sm, Gd, Tb and Dy
• Experimental setup for low-energy laser-based angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy
• Tuning time and energy resolution in time-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with nonlinear crystals
• Mode-selective coupling of coherent phonons to the Bi2212 electronic band structure
• Work function seen with sub-meV precision through laser photoemission
• Expanding the momentum field of view in angle-resolved photoemission systems with hemispherical analyzers
• Low work function in the 122-family of iron-based superconductors

Cited by in corpus (11)

• Orbital-Dependent Electron Correlation in Double-Layer Nickelate La3Ni2O7
• Time- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Studies of Quantum Materials
• Expanding the momentum field of view in angle-resolved photoemission systems with hemispherical analyzers
• Band Structure and Fermi Surface Nesting in $LaS{b}_2$
• Analysis methodology of coherent oscillations in time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
• Control of intervalley scattering in Bi${}_2$Te${}_3$ via temperature-dependent band renormalization
• Expansion of Momentum Space and Full 2$\pi$ Solid Angle Photoelectron Collection in Laser-Based Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy by Applying Sample Bias
• Generation of extreme ultraviolet laser by single-photon process
• Band structure of Bi surfaces formed on Bi2Se3 upon exposure to air
• Sub-tesla on-chip nanomagnetic metamaterial platform for angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
• Detecting the full photoemission cone from laser-based ARPES experiments by leveraging deflector technology