The case for a U(1)${}_{\pi }$ Quantum Spin Liquid Ground State in the Dipole-Octupole Pyrochlore Ce${}_2$Zr${}_2$O${}_7$

Abstract

The Ce${}^{3+}$ pseudospin-$\frac{1}{2}$ degrees of freedom in the pyrochlore magnet Ce${}_2$Zr${}_2$O${}_7$ are known to possess dipole-octupole (DO) character, making it a candidate for novel quantum spin liquid (QSL) ground states at low temperatures. We report new polarized neutron diffraction at low temperatures, as well as heat capacity ($C_p$) measurements on single crystal Ce${}_2$Zr${}_2$O${}_7$. The former bears both similarities and differences from that measured in the canonical dipolar spin ice compound Ho${}_2$Ti${}_2$O${}_7$, while the latter rises sharply at low temperatures, initially plateauing near 0.08 K, before falling off towards a high temperature zero beyond 3 K. Above $\sim$0.5 K, the $C_p$ data set can be fit to the results of a quantum numerical linked cluster (NLC) calculation, carried out to 4${}^{\mathrm{th}}$ order, that allows estimates for the terms in the near-neighbour XYZ Hamiltonian expected for such DO pyrochlore systems. Fits of the same theory to the temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility and unpolarized neutron scattering complement this analysis. A comparison between the resulting best fit NLC calculation and the polarized neutron diffraction shows both agreement and discrepancies, mostly in the form of zone-boundary diffuse scattering in the non-spin flip channel, which are attributed to interactions beyond near-neighbours. The lack of an observed thermodynamic anomaly and the constraints on the near-neighbour XYZ Hamiltonian suggest that Ce${}_2$Zr${}_2$O${}_7$ realizes a U(1)${}_{\pi }$ QSL state at low temperatures, and one that likely resides near the boundary between dipolar and octupolar character.

11 pages, 11 figures

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