Dark Matter Deficient Galaxies And Their Member Star Clusters Form Simultaneously During High-velocity Galaxy Collisions In 1.25 pc Resolution Simulations

Abstract

How diffuse dwarf galaxies that are deficient in dark matter -- such as NGC1052-DF2 and NGC1052-DF4 -- formed remains a mystery. Along with their luminous member globular clusters (GCs), the so-called dark matter deficient galaxies (DMDGs) have challenged observers and theorists alike. Here we report a suite of galaxy collision simulations using the adaptive mesh refinement code ENZO with 1.25 pc resolution, which demonstrates that high-velocity galaxy collisions induce the formation of DMDGs and their star clusters (SCs) simultaneously. With a numerical resolution significantly better than our previous study (Shin et al. 2020), we resolve the dynamical structure of the produced DMDGs and the detailed formation history of their SCs which are possible progenitors of the DMDG's member GCs. In particular, we show that a galaxy collision with a high relative velocity of $\sim 300{\mathrm{km}\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$, invoking severe shock compression, spawns multiple massive SCs ($\gtrsim 10^6{\mathrm{M}}_{\odot }$) within 150 Myr after the collision. At the end of our ~ 800 Myr fiducial run, the resulting DMDG of $M_{\star }\simeq 3.5\times 10^8{M}_{\odot }$ hosts 10 luminous ($M_{\mathrm{V}}\lesssim -8.5\mathrm{mag}$), gravitational bound SCs with a line-of-sight velocity dispersion $11.2{\mathrm{km}\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$. Our study suggests that DMDGs and their luminous member SCs could form simultaneously in high-velocity galaxy collisions while being in line with the key observed properties of NGC1052-DF2 and NGC1052-DF4.

arXiv comment10 pages including 6 figures. Updated to match with the published version in ApJL. For associated movies and information, see http://joohyun-lee.github.io/research/DMDG, http://ejshin0.github.io/page/category/research.html and http://physics.snu.ac.kr/cosmo/index/research.html#dmdg

References in corpus (47)

• SciPy 1.0--Fundamental Algorithms for Scientific Computing in Python
• Array Programming with NumPy
• A Multi-Code Analysis Toolkit for Astrophysical Simulation Data
• Enzo: An Adaptive Mesh Refinement Code for Astrophysics
• Slow Star Formation in Dense Gas: Evidence and Implications
• Forty-Seven Milky Way-Sized, Extremely Diffuse Galaxies in the Coma Cluster
• A galaxy lacking dark matter
• Grackle: a Chemistry and Cooling Library for Astrophysics
• Star Formation in Galaxy Mergers with Realistic Models of Stellar Feedback & the Interstellar Medium
• A second galaxy missing dark matter in the NGC1052 group
• Effects of Tidal Shocks on the Evolution of Globular Clusters
• Modeling the formation and evolution of star cluster populations in galaxy simulations
• A parsec-resolution simulation of the Antennae galaxies: Formation of star clusters during the merger
• A distance of 13 Mpc resolves the claimed anomalies of the galaxy lacking dark matter
• Star cluster formation in cosmological simulations. I. Properties of young clusters
• Interacting galaxies on FIRE-2: The connection between enhanced star formation and interstellar gas content
• High-resolution simulations of galaxy mergers: Resolving globular cluster formation
• The GRIFFIN project -- Formation of star clusters with individual massive stars in a simulated dwarf galaxy starburst
• Formation versus destruction: the evolution of the star cluster population in galaxy mergers
• Tidal stripping as a possible origin of the ultra diffuse galaxy lacking dark matter
• The ultra-diffuse galaxy NGC 1052-DF2 with MUSE: I. Kinematics of the stellar body
• An enigmatic population of luminous globular clusters in a galaxy lacking dark matter
• Self-consistent proto-globular cluster formation in cosmological simulations of high-redshift galaxies
• Formation of Globular Cluster Candidates in Merging Proto-galaxies at High Redshift: A View from the FIRE Cosmological Simulations
• The ultra-diffuse galaxy NGC 1052-DF2 with MUSE: II. The population of DF2: stars, clusters and planetary nebulae
• Galaxy Formation with Self-consistently Modeled Stars and Massive Black Holes. I: Feedback-regulated Star Formation and Black Hole Growth
• Ultra-diffuse galaxies without dark matter
• Stochastic self-enrichment, pre-enrichment, and the formation of globular clusters
• The formation of low metallicity globular clusters in dwarf galaxy mergers
• Formation of Globular Clusters in Galaxy Mergers
• Dark-matter-deficient dwarf galaxies form via tidal stripping of dark matter in interactions with massive companions
• A Tip of the Red Giant Branch Distance of $22.1\pm 1.2$ Mpc to the Dark Matter Deficient Galaxy NGC1052-DF2 from 40 Orbits of Hubble Space Telescope Imaging
• The Distance of the Dark Matter Deficient Galaxy NGC1052-DF2
• Dark Matter Deficient Galaxies Produced Via High-velocity Galaxy Collisions In High-resolution Numerical Simulations
• A Tip of the Red Giant Branch Distance to the Dark Matter Deficient Galaxy NGC1052-DF4 from Deep Hubble Space Telescope Data
• A Complex Luminosity Function for the Anomalous Globular Clusters in NGC1052-DF2 and NGC1052-DF4
• The effects of subgrid models on the properties of giant molecular clouds in galaxy formation simulations
• Dwarf Galaxies with Ionizing Radiation Feedback. I: Escape of Ionizing Photons
• The TRGB distance to the second galaxy "missing dark matter". Evidence for two groups of galaxies at 13.5 and 19 Mpc in the line of sight of NGC1052
• Constraining the formation of NGC1052-DF2 from its unusual globular cluster population
• Globular Cluster Formation from Colliding Substructure
• The Globular Cluster Population of NGC 1052-DF2: Evidence for Rotation
• A Dearth of Atomic Hydrogen in NGC1052-DF2
• The formation and evolution of star clusters in interacting galaxies
• Stellar content, planetary nebulae, and globular clusters of [KKS2000]04 (NGC1052-DF2)
• High-redshift Galaxy Formation with Self-consistently Modeled Stars and Massive Black Holes: Stellar Feedback and Quasar Growth
• The colour-magnitude relation of Globular Clusters in Centaurus and Hydra - Constraints on star cluster self-enrichment with a link to massive Milky Way GCs

Cited by in corpus (26)

• A trail of dark matter-free galaxies from a bullet dwarf collision
• Galaxy populations in the Hydra I cluster from the VEGAS survey II. The ultra-diffuse galaxy population
• The emergence of dark matter-deficient ultra-diffuse galaxies driven by scatter in the stellar mass-halo mass relation and feedback from globular clusters
• Tidal Distortions in NGC1052-DF2 and NGC1052-DF4: Independent Evidence for a Lack of Dark Matter
• The stellar populations of quiescent ultra-diffuse galaxies from optical to mid-infrared spectral energy distribution fitting
• Discovery and analysis of low-surface-brightness galaxies in the environment of NGC 1052
• Monochromatic globular clusters as a critical test of formation models for the dark matter deficient galaxies NGC1052-DF2 and NGC1052-DF4
• Massive Dark Matter Halos at High Redshift: Implications for Observations in the JWST Era
• Multiple Beads-on-a-string: Dark Matter-Deficient Galaxy Formation in a Mini-bullet Satellite-satellite Galaxy Collision
• A new class of dark matter-free dwarf galaxies? I. Clues from FCC 224, NGC 1052-DF2 and NGC 1052-DF4
• Formation of proto-globular cluster candidates in cosmological simulations of dwarf galaxies at $z>4$
• Keck Spectroscopy of NGC 1052-DF9: Stellar Populations in the Context of the NGC 1052 Group
• An Unexplained Origin for the Unusual Globular Cluster System in the Ultra-diffuse Galaxy FCC 224
• Merge and strip: dark matter-free dwarf galaxies in clusters can be formed by galaxy mergers
• Frequency of the dark matter subhalo collisions and bifurcation sequence arising formation of dwarf galaxies
• The Disturbed and Globular Cluster-Rich Ultra-diffuse Galaxy UGC 9050-Dw1
• Testing the galaxy collision induced formation scenario for the trail of dark matter deficient galaxies with the susceptibility of globular clusters to the tidal force
• The large-scale structure of globular clusters in the NGC 1052 group
• Impact of Radiation Feedback on the Formation of Globular Cluster Candidates during Cloud-Cloud Collisions
• Testing non-local gravity through Ultra-Diffuse Galaxies kinematics
• The Three Hundred: The existence of massive dark matter-deficient satellite galaxies in cosmological simulations
• Impact of Dynamical Friction on the Tidal Formation of NGC 1052-DF2
• GAMA 526784: the progenitor of a globular cluster-rich ultra-diffuse galaxy? II. Molecular gas, neutral gas and environment
• On the Tidal Formation of Dark Matter Deficient Galaxies
• Imprints of tidal interactions on the stellar distribution of satellite galaxies: implications for dark matter deficient galaxies
• DHOST gravity in Ultra-diffuse galaxies -- Part I: the case of NGC1052-DF2