Probing Protoplanetary Disk Winds with C II Absorption

Abstract

We present an analysis of wind absorption in the C II $\lambda 1335$ doublet towards 40 classical T Tauri stars with archival far-ultraviolet (FUV) spectra obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope. Absorption features produced by fast or slow winds are commonly detected (36 out of 40 targets) in our sample. The wind velocity of the fast wind decreases with disk inclination, consistent with expectations for a collimated jet. Slow wind absorption is detected mostly in disks with intermediate or high inclination, without a significant dependence of wind velocity on disk inclination. Both the fast and slow wind absorption are preferentially detected in FUV lines of neutral or singly ionized atoms. The Mg II $\lambda \lambda 2796,2804$ lines show wind absorption consistent with the absorption in the C II lines. We develop simplified semi-analytical disk/wind models to interpret the observational disk wind absorption. Both fast and slow winds are consistent with expectations from a thermal-magnetized disk wind model and are generally inconsistent with a purely thermal wind. Both the models and the observational analysis indicate that wind absorption occurs preferentially from the inner disk, offering a wind diagnostic in complement to optical forbidden line emission that traces the wind in larger volumes.

arXiv comment27 pages, 16 figures, plus appendix. Accepted for publication in ApJ

References in corpus (88)

• The chemical composition of the Sun
• Gaia Data Release 2. Summary of the contents and survey properties
• Spectral Energy Distributions of T Tauri Stars With Passive Circumstellar Disks
• A Gaia DR2 view of the Open Cluster population in the Milky Way
• Resolved Images of Large Cavities in Protoplanetary Transition Disks
• Ringed Substructure and a Gap at 1 AU in the Nearest Protoplanetary Disk
• Gaps and Rings in an ALMA Survey of Disks in the Taurus Star-forming Region
• Wind-driven Accretion in Protoplanetary Disks. I: Suppression of the Magnetorotational Instability and Launching of the Magnetocentrifugal Wind
• Photoevaporation of protoplanetary discs II: evolutionary models and observable properties
• X-Shooter spectroscopy of young stellar objects in Lupus: Accretion properties of class II and transitional objects
• An Optical Spectroscopic Study of T Tauri Stars. I. Photospheric Properties
• High Resolution Submillimeter Constraints on Circumstellar Disk Structure
• X-Shooter spectroscopy of young stellar objects: IV -- Accretion in low-mass stars and sub-stellar objects in Lupus
• UV excess measures of accretion onto young very low-mass stars and brown dwarfs
• Photoevaporation of Circumstellar Disks by FUV, EUV and X-ray Radiation from the Central Star
• Radiation-Hydrodynamic Models of X-Ray & EUV Photoevaporating Protoplanetary Discs
• Disks ARound TTauri Stars with Sphere (DARTTS-S) I: Sphere / IRDIS Polarimetric Imaging of 8 prominent TTauri Disks
• Which jet launching mechanism(s) in TTauri stars?
• Accretion-powered Stellar Winds as a Solution to the Stellar Angular Momentum Problem
• Magnetic Inhibition of Convection and the Fundamental Properties of Low-Mass Stars. III. A Consistent 10 Myr Age for the Upper Scorpius OB Association
• Unveiling the Structure of Pre-Transitional Disks
• HST/STIS Spectroscopy of the Optical Outflow from DG Tau: Indications for Rotation in the Initial Jet Channel
• A high-resolution spectropolarimetric survey of Herbig Ae/Be stars - I. Observations and measurements
• Compact Disks in a High Resolution ALMA Survey of Dust Structures in the Taurus Molecular Cloud
• ALMA unveils rings and gaps in the protoplanetary system HD 169142: signatures of two giant protoplanets
• Probing T Tauri Accretion and Outflow with 1 Micron Spectroscopy
• Accretion Rates for T Tauri Stars Using Nearly Simultaneous Ultraviolet and Optical Spectra
• A spectroscopic survey of Herbig Ae/Be stars with X-Shooter I: Stellar parameters and accretion rates
• MHD simulations of accretion onto a dipolar magnetosphere. II. Magnetospheric ejections and stellar spin-down
• Towards a Global Evolutionary Model of Protoplanetary Disks
• The FUV spectrum of TW Hya. I. Observations of H${}_2$ Fluorescence
• A Millimeter Continuum Size-Luminosity Relationship for Protoplanetary Disks
• A Spitzer IRS Study of Infrared Variability in Transitional and Pre-Transitional Disks around T Tauri Stars
• On the gas content of transitional disks: a VLT/X-Shooter study of accretion and winds
• The Impact of Dust Evolution and Photoevaporation on Disk Dispersal
• Line Emission from Gas in Optically Thick Dust Disks around Young Stars
• Scaling Relations Associated with Millimeter Continuum Sizes in Protoplanetary Disks
• The Disk Substructures at High Angular Resolution Project (DSHARP): IV. Characterizing substructures and interactions in disks around multiple star systems
• Accretion rates and accretion tracers of Herbig Ae/Be stars
• Tracing Slow Winds from T Tauri Stars via Low Velocity Forbidden Line Emission
• The Gould's Belt Distances Survey (GOBELINS) III. The distance to the Serpens/Aquila Molecular Complex
• Measuring Protoplanetary Disk Accretion with H I Pf-beta
• Probing the Dust and Gas in the Transitional Disk of CS Cha with Spitzer
• Neon Fine-Structure Line Emission By X-ray Irradiated Protoplanetary Disks
• Kinematic links and the co-evolution of MHD winds, jets, and inner disks from a high-resolution optical [OI] survey
• The SPOTS Models: A Grid of Theoretical Stellar Evolution Tracks and Isochrones For Testing The Effects of Starspots on Structure and Colors
• Profiles of Strong Permitted Lines in Classical T Tauri Stars
• A New Look at T Tauri Star Forbidden Lines: MHD Driven Winds from the Inner Disk
• A Far-ultraviolet Atlas of Low-resolution Hubble Space Telescope Spectra of T Tauri Stars
• Global Simulations of Protoplanetary Disk Outflows with Coupled Non-ideal Magnetohydrodynamics and Consistent Thermochemistry
• The Structure of the Local Interstellar Medium. II. Observations of D I, C II, N I, O I, Al II, and Si II toward Stars within 100 parsecs
• Modeling T Tauri Winds from He I 10830 Profiles
• A Hubble Space Telescope Survey of H2 Emission in the Circumstellar Environments of Young Stars
• Multidimensional models of hydrogen and helium emission line profiles for classical T Tauri Stars: method, tests and examples
• Surface magnetic fields on two accreting T Tauri stars: CV Cha and CR Cha
• A Close-up View of the Young Circumbinary Disk HD 142527
• X-Shooter spectroscopy of young stellar objects: V - Slow winds in T Tauri stars
• A Hot Wind from the Classical T Tauri Stars: TW Hydrae and T Tauri
• Hot Gas Lines in T Tauri Stars
• The Origins of Fluorescent H2 Emission From T Tauri~Stars
• Accretion dynamics in the classical T Tauri star V2129 Oph
• The close classical T Tauri binary V4046 Sgr: Complex magnetic fields & distributed mass accretion
• Testing Models of Accretion-driven Coronal Heating and Stellar Wind Acceleration for T Tauri Stars
• The loopy UV line profiles of RU Lupi: accretion, outflows, and fluorescence
• Redshifted Absorption at He I 10830 as a Probe of the Accretion Geometry of T Tauri Stars
• PENELLOPE: the ESO data legacy program to complement the Hubble UV Legacy Library of Young Stars (ULLYSES) I. Survey presentation and accretion properties of Orion OB1 and $\sigma$-Orionis
• Faint disks around classical T Tauri stars: small but dense enough to form planets?
• A Disk-based Dynamical Mass Estimate for the Young Binary V4046 Sgr
• The Evolution of Disk Winds from a Combined Study of Optical and Infrared Forbidden Lines
• Diagnosing Mass Flows Around Herbig Ae/Be Stars Using the He I 10830 Line
• Variability of the transitional T Tauri star T Chamaeleontis
• How Hot is the Wind from TW Hydrae?
• The interpretation of protoplanetary disc wind diagnostic lines from X-ray photoevaporation and analytical MHD models
• CO/H2 Abundance Ratio ~ 10^{-4} in a Protoplanetary Disk
• An initial overview of the extent and structure of recent star formation within the Serpens Molecular Cloud using Gaia Data Release 2
• A Spatially Resolved AU-scale Inner Disk around DM Tau
• Optical Mass Flow Diagnostics in Herbig Ae/Be Stars
• Stellar parameters and accretion rate of the transition disk star HD 142527 from X-Shooter
• Evidence for an MHD disk wind via optical forbidden line spectro-astrometry
• Analysis of H2 Emission from Mira B in UV Spectra from HST
• X-Shooter observations of low-mass stars in the Eta Chamaeleontis association
• Direct Measurement of Interstellar Extinction Toward Young Stars Using Atomic Hydrogen Lyman-$\alpha$ Absorption
• Redshifted X-rays from the material accreting onto TW Hya: evidence of a low-latitude accretion spot
• The 1600 Angstrom Emission Bump in Protoplanetary Disks: A Spectral Signature of H${}_2$O Dissociation
• Structure and Dynamics of the Accretion Process and Wind in TW Hya
• Linking Signatures of Accretion with Magnetic Field Measurements - Line Profiles are not Significantly Different in Magnetic and Non-Magnetic Herbig Ae/Be Stars
• Constraints to the magnetospheric properties of T Tauri stars - II. The Mg II ultraviolet feature
• Investigating the origin of hot gas lines in Herbig Ae/Be Stars

Cited by in corpus (7)

• The ODYSSEUS Survey. Motivation and First Results: Accretion, Ejection, and Disk Irradiation of CVSO 109
• The He I $\lambda$10830 $\mathring{A}$ line as a probe of winds and accretion in young stars in Lupus and Upper Scorpius
• Interpreting molecular hydrogen and atomic oxygen line emission of T Tauri disks with photoevaporative disk-wind models
• Modeling JWST MIRI-MRS Observations of T Cha: Mid-IR Noble Gas Emission Tracing a Dense Disk Wind
• Lyman-alpha Scattering Models Trace Accretion and Outflow Kinematics in T Tauri Systems
• Density streams in the disc winds of Classical T Tauri stars
• Star Forming Regions