Sneutrino Tribrid Inflation, Metastable Cosmic Strings and Gravitational Waves

Abstract

We present a successful realization of sneutrino tribrid inflation model based on a gauged $U(1{)}_{B-L}$ extension of Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). A single interaction term involving the $B-L$ Higgs field and the right-handed neutrinos serves multiple purposes. These include the generation of heavy Majorana masses for the right-handed neutrinos to provide an explanation for the tiny neutrino masses via the seesaw mechanism, a realistic scenario for reheating and non-thermal leptogenesis with a reheat temperature as low as $10^6$ GeV, and a successful realization of inflation with right-handed sneutrino as the inflaton. The matter parity which helps avoid rapid proton decay survives as a $Z_2$ subgroup of a $U(1)$ $R$-symmetry. Depending on the choice of model parameters yields the following predicted range of the tensor to scalar ratio, $3\times 10^{-11}\lesssim r\lesssim 7\times 10^{-4}$ ($6\times 10^{-7}\lesssim r\lesssim 0.01$), and the running of the scalar spectral index, $-0.00022\lesssim d{n}_s/d\ln k\lesssim -0.0026$ ($-0.00014\lesssim d{n}_s/d\ln k\lesssim 0.005$), along with the $B-L$ breaking scale, $3\times 10^{14}\lesssim M/\text{GeV}\lesssim 5\times 10^{15}$ ($6\times 10^{15}\lesssim M/\text{GeV}\lesssim 2\times 10^{16}$), calculated at the central value of the scalar spectral index, $n_s=0.966$, reported by Planck 2018. The possibility of realizing metastable cosmic strings in a grand unified theory setup is briefly discussed. The metastable cosmic string network admits string tension values in the range $10^{-8}\lesssim G{\mu }_s\lesssim 10^{-6}$, and predicts a stochastic gravitational wave background lying within the 2-$\sigma$ bounds of the recent NANOGrav 12.5-yr data.

arXiv comment32 pages, 9 figures; JCAP published version

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• Primordial gravitational waves from NANOGrav: a broken power-law approach
• Leptogenesis triggered by a first-order phase transition
• $\mu$-hybrid Inflation, Gravitino Dark Matter and Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background from Cosmic Strings
• Gravitational Waves from Quasi-stable Strings
• Probing superheavy dark matter with gravitational waves
• Monopoles, Strings and Gravitational Waves in Non-minimal Inflation
• Constraining the Cosmic Strings Gravitational Wave Spectra in No Scale Inflation with Viable Gravitino Dark matter and Non Thermal Leptogenesis
• Probing Miracle-less WIMP Dark Matter via Gravitational Waves Spectral Shapes
• Probing Minimal Grand Unification through Gravitational Waves, Proton Decay, and Fermion Masses