Play. Pause. Rewind. Measuring local entropy production and extractable work in active matter

Abstract

Time-reversal symmetry breaking and entropy production are universal features of nonequilibrium phenomena. Despite its importance in the physics of active and living systems, the entropy production of systems with many degrees of freedom has remained of little practical significance because the high-dimensionality of their state space makes it difficult to measure. Here we introduce a local measure of entropy production and a numerical protocol to estimate it. We establish a connection between the entropy production and extractability of work in a given region of the system and show how this quantity depends crucially on the degrees of freedom being tracked. We validate our approach in theory, simulation, and experiments by considering systems of active Brownian particles undergoing motility induced phase separation, as well as active Brownian particles and E. Coli in a rectifying device in which the time-reversal asymmetry of the particle dynamics couples to spatial asymmetry to reveal its effects on a macroscopic scale.

arXiv commentMain text: 6 pages, 3 figures. Supplemental: 14 pages, 9 figures

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• Defect turbulence in a dense suspension of polar, active swimmers
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• Entropy production of active Brownian particles going from liquid to hexatic and solid phases
• Detecting and characterizing phase transitions in active matter using entropy
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• Measurement-Induced Phase Transitions in Informational Active Matter
• Active doping controls the mode of failure in dense colloidal gels
• AMEP: The Active Matter Evaluation Package for Python
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• Generalized Zurek's bound on the cost of an individual classical or quantum computation
• Mechanical inhibition of dissipation in a thermodynamically consistent active solid
• Improving estimation of entropy production rate for run-and-tumble particle systems by high-order thermodynamic uncertainty relation
• On the Ziv-Merhav theorem beyond Markovianity
• Force-free kinetic inference of entropy production
• Remark on the Entropy Production of Adaptive Run-and-Tumble Chemotaxis
• Renormalized mechanics and stochastic thermodynamics of growing vesicles
• Non-equilibrium structure and relaxation in active microemulsions
• Effective Energy, Interactions And Out Of Equilibrium Nature Of Scalar Active Matter
• Local entropy production rate of run-and-tumble particles
• Universal trade-off between irreversibility and intrinsic timescale in thermal relaxation with applications to thermodynamic inference
• Ziv-Merhav estimation for hidden-Markov processes